A set of propositions surrounding the gender issue within organizations is identified in this paper along with research propositions which have implications for future research. The paper's major thesis is that career development is best understood when work attitudes and behaviors are related to overall evaluation systems which result in…

While there is a growing body of research on middle-class, white American work-family values, sex-role ideals, and attitudes toward women's employment, very little is known about the values and attitudes of other ethnic groups. This study compares the sex-role ideals and attitudes toward women's employment of Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasian…

This review examines the literature on the effect of marriage and motherhood on women's psychological well-being. The paper discusses the impact of child rearing on life satisfaction and feelings of stress and considers the special problems of the working mother. Changing social attitudes surrounding a woman's role as wife and marital dissolution…

The notions of both work and persistence carry implicit assumptions that some obstacles have to be overcome through effort. Given the hurdles that women physicians must overcome in training, most research has assumed that work plays an important role in their lives. A sample of 71 women physicians from an earlier study was surveyed to learn why…

An examination of recent literature concerning differing male and female socializations reveals a number of implications and suggestions for changing some negative executive attitudes regarding female executive skills. While more women are in executive positions than ever before, women are still at a disadvantage because the productive…

Dual-career analysis is misleading as a guide to actual developments in wives' employment and family economic patterns at different levels of the class system. Weaknesses can be examined through seven empirical propositions concerning the determinants of family employment patterns at various class levels. (1) Despite recent gains, married women in…

Researchers in the area of depression, aware that women are more likely than men to be depressed, have examined women's marital and employment status to explain this phenomenon. However, the meanings, perceptions, and situations encountered within marital and work roles also contribute to emotional distress. The traditional sex role explanation of…

A survey was conducted to analyze the effects of marriage and children on the work patterns of registered nurses in Maryland, with specific attention to these effects on work continuity and advancement and to which factors modify these effects. Questionnaires asking for complete work histories were mailed to a random sample of registered nurses in…

As part of a larger effort to determine marital and procreative trends in the South, an historical comparison was made of two samples of Northeast Alabama high school seniors. Similar questionnaires were group administered to all seniors present on the prescribed contact day in 19 randomly selected high schools in 1966 and again in 1972. The study…

The Women's Re-entry Education Program (WREP) at De Anza Community College is an attempt to give women who are educationally deprived the opportunity to gain skills that will enable them to function in, and contribute to, the economic mainstream of America. The primary objectives of WREP are to help students: (1) believe in their ability to gain…

This paper reports on individual, semistructured interviews with 10 women academics in the field of higher education, who volunteered information about the contributions of spouse or partner on factors associated with scholarly publishing productivity. After a brief review of the literature related to the relationships between marriage,…

A study was made of approximately 100 college students' attitudes toward two-paycheck families, using a questionnaire. The study found no support for "working mother" guilt and anxiety; for example, there was no overall family conflict effect evident. When compared with students from families with nonemployed mothers, students from two-paycheck…

An exploratory study examined the relationship between individual, family, and work variables and working mothers' health. The study also investigated the relationship between health management strategies and health. A cross-sectional survey design was used to gather data from 85 women who were married, employed 20 hours a week or more, and had…

This presentation reviews the characteristics of the Canadian family at present. Discussion focuses on divorce, family structure, reproductive technology, fertility, family size, family mobility, family support, government role, women's participation in the labor force, daily family routines, television viewing, work and the family, the need for…

Research indicates that the education of Philippine women pays off in the economic growth of the country. Previous research which examined women's contribution to national income in six countries indicated that levels of educational attainment and levels of per capita national income were positively or moderately associated in five of the…