It is necesary to examine both historic and current events in order to understand the role of race in the United States today. The South's formerly rigid caste system has come to resemble the more flexible Northern social order, which has always been open to blacks in times of labor shortage. A number of important social and economic phenomena…

Changes undergone by two formerly all-black colleges since the Brown decision are described in this anecdotal conference paper. Lincoln University (Jefferson City, Mo), once an outstanding liberal arts institution, has been transformed into a school that is now predominantly white and serves students who wish to qualify for jobs in fields such as…

A study examined the impact of court-ordered desegregation on the reading achievement of a group of first through sixth grade students over a 10-year period spanning the desegregation program, from 3 years before to 7 years after desegregation. Subjects, 4,965 students attending the Memphis State University Campus School during the duration of the…

Teachers and principals who were involuntarily reassigned to integrate faculties in the Chicago public schools were surveyed about their transfer experiences. Transferred teachers but not transferred principals believed the reassignments would result in a decline in student achievement. Most transferred staff rated their integration assignment as…

This recital of the status of the several components of the Florida Plan for Equalizing Educational Opportunity in Public Higher Education is descriptive of some of its developments to about March 1975. The plan projected its greatest impact on desegregation as occuring within the first two years of its five-year course, but with the continuing…

A cross-cultural program at a southern university is described. The objective of the program was to enable white students to learn more about black culture by spending a quarter at a predominantly black university, and for students from black institutions to spend a quarter at a predominantly white institution. A model to help orient visiting…

The belief that public schools produce better integration than private schools is deeply held by many people, but unfortunately, it is supported by little empirical evidence. A systematic look at integration is undertaken through a random sample of public and private schools in two cities. A total of 4302 students were observed, 2864 from public…

In the case of Lucile Bluford, a respected Black woman journalist applying for admission to the University of Missouri School of Journalism in 1939, an examination of the archives and records, newspaper and magazine articles, scholarly works on the case, and an interview with Miss Bluford makes it clear that University of Missouri officials were…

Research for this paper was undertaken to determine whether the black suburban growth during the 1970's was primarily a process of dispersal or concentration--that is, did blacks disperse into exclusively white neighborhoods or did they tend to concentrate in suburbs that already contained significant black populations. Census data from 1970 and…

In rulings between 1954 and 1971, the Supreme Court always emphasized that racially segregated schools were inherently unconstitutional, although it upheld a system of student assignments that was neutral toward race. But with the Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of Education decision of 1971, the court embarked on a new remedial course. A…

What effect varying the phrasing of attitude statements would have across sex and grade was determined. Three content parallel forms were developed to assess student attitudes toward integration. Each form contained 15 items and differed only in terms of item phrasing either positive, negative or a combination of both. Six hundred and twenty-two,…

Examined in this paper is the impact two shifts in the civil rights movement had upon racial attitudes: (1) the shift from the South to the rest of the nation, and (2) the shift from issues of freedom to those of equality. It is noted that as long as the civil rights movement remained principally in the South, Northern whites were real, if…

While existing research suggests that schools have only indirect effects on students' racial and political attitudes, the social and demographic characteristics of desegregated classrooms may produce certain normative and behavioral outcomes which encourage children to accept human diversity encountered in concrete situations. This pattern of…

According to the author, people who favor compulsory assignment of children to schools on the basis of race base their position on the assumptions that Americans will make no progress toward an integrated society except under compulsion, and that the proof of an integrated society is the even distribution of minorities throughout society. In this…

This study was conducted to learn whether black educators who had been principals of all-black schools experienced job displacement during the period when schools were being desegregated. Reactive and nonreactive data-collecting techniques were used to gather information on 343 black administrators. The findings indicate that during the…