The suggestion of an underlying dimension in mental imagery despite low correlations among objective spatial and self report measures was investigated using data from two independent samples of 131 college students. The first study revealed some factorial independence in imagery aptitude, while the second study investigated individual patterns of…

Aspects of children's early representational drawing ability may provide evidence for feature marking in non-linguistic symbol systems. To test this assumption children in kindergarten, second, and fourth grade were asked to draw a set of referent objects in three conditions: a nominal or standard condition with no implied relationship ("two…

Draw-A-Person (DAP) techniques are often used as developmental screening measures of non-verbal cognitive ability, particularly for young children who are being screened for possible early intervention services. The validity of the interchangeable use of three DAP scoring systems for kindergarten students was investigated by comparing scores and…

Findings of a study that examined whether high school size significantly supplemented factors identified as contributing to educational achievement and ability are presented in this paper. In general, two divergent viewpoints concerning school size have been argued. One view holds that large schools are better than small schools because they offer…

The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) and the Stanford-Binet: Fourth Edition (S-B:FE) were administered in counterbalanced order to a sample of 20 middle-class preschool children (11 males and 9 females) attending the Early Childhood Preschool Center located in a suburban area of a large midwestern city. Subjects' mean age was 4…

The Stanford-Binet: Fourth Edition and Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children were administered in counterbalanced order followed by the Cognitive Domain of the Battelle Developmental Inventory to a sample of 30 nonhandicapped, preschool children (13 males and 17 females). Correlations (corrected for restriction in range) among the three…

This study established a controlled instructional procedure for visual concept learning in a school setting and investigated the possibility that an ability trait difference could affect visual learning of the concept. A total of 84 high visualizers and 84 low visualizers were selected from 629 fourth grade children according to their scores on…

The fourth phase of a longitudinal study focusing on the cognitive and language development of children in a primary-grade Spanish immersion program (SIP) is reported. Subjects were the remaining 13 members of an SIP cohort beginning in 1987, 15 members of a standard program comparison classroom, 18 members of another class in the 1987 SIP cohort,…

One population at risk of academic failure comprises students who are of average ability, but who score significantly higher in nonverbal aptitude than verbal aptitude. Careful identification and instructional intervention can help these students to perform better. The findings of two studies are presented. The first study was conducted in 1964…

Neuropsychological research on the effects of hemispherectomy-the excision of one of the cerebral hemispheres-in children and adults adds to knowledge about the division of labor between the left cerebral hemisphere, which specializes in language and verbal cognitive functions, and the right hemisphere, which specializes in nonlanguage functions.…

This investigation examined whether articulation problems represent a more pervasive linguistic or cognitive disability and whether a genetic component exists, by following up a longitudinal articulation study of 394 normally developing children begun in 1960. A group of 24 individuals, aged 31-33, who had participated in the original study and…

This study examined differences in predicting achievement by sex on the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) from the verbal, quantitative, and nonverbal scores on the Cognitive Abilities Test (CogAT). The sample (n=10,000) consisted of all students in Grades 2, 5, and 8 who completed both tests in fall 1984. Examinations of means and standard…

Differences in learning processes were studied in more versus less intellectually able undergraduate students. Thirty subjects were selected to represent a wide range of general and mathematical reasoning abilities, based on the following test scores: Necessary Arithmetic Operations and Vocabulary Test V2 from the Educational Testing Service ETS…

For the past 100 years we have been acting as if education in school was of words, by words, and for words, but in fact verbal literacy was preceded by visual literacy when humans communicated with body language before they had speech. American educators have been concentrating efforts on the left hemisphere of the brain in which the verbal…

Because the achievement battery traditionally administered to Brazilian college bound students may discriminate against those who cannot afford to attend the best high schools or preparatory courses, tests were developed to measure aptitude for higher education, independent of ability or actual knowledge of course content. The focus of the…