While established approaches to therapy help the individual adapt to an essentially fixed world, Social Therapy (a 15-year-old clinical, educational, and developmental psychology practiced in clinics and private practices in New York, Boston, and other cities, with applications to crisis, the epidemic of abuse, and educational failure) seeks to…

This paper reviews the main research in the area of human reasoning and rational thinking to determine if man is either an "innately inefficient thinking machine" or if man's irrationality is "rooted in basic human nature," as Ellis (1976) suggests. The paper focuses on the work of two English theorists, Wason and…

Practicing psychologists use a variety of knowledge acquisition techniques and multiple knowledge structures when working with clients. Narrative knowing is one kind of knowledge, in which individual events are related by connecting them to a theme or a plot of which they are a part. Theme or plot is needed to unify the discrete events. A…

This presidential address is based on a personal mentoring history. It begins by examining two pioneering women in clinical psychology, Dr. Mildred Bessie Mitchell and Lillian Shuck Wolfe. Topics examined are: (1) factors that led them to choose a career in clinical psychology; (2) whether they think it is important for women in clinical training…

This document presents tips for individuals applying to doctoral programs in clinical psychology. Suggestions are made for what applicants can do before they apply to improve their "applicant quality." Applicants should increase their Graduate Record Examination scores, go back to school if necessary to improve their grade point averages, obtain…

An earlier study found that psychology interns who experienced patient suicides reported stress levels on the Impact of Event Scale higher than those found with professional clinicians who had patient suicides. The present study is a replication of the earlier study but with a much larger sample and an attempt to assess a broader spectrum of…

A large majority of graduates of university clinical training programs will not enter careers of research and scholarship but will instead enter professional practice. This fact has several implications for such training programs. The basis of professional education is disciplined knowledge. The body of knowledge and technique that comprises…

A growing number of psychologists seem to be involving themselves in independent psychological practice. Consistent with this trend, Division 42 (Independent Practice) of the American Psychological Association (APA) was developed. Division 42 has grown considerably in recent years, with a membership of over 5,000 psychologists. While psychologists…

Measures of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery (HRNB) were factor analyzed with subtests of the Halstead Category Test (HCT) for 277 9-year-old learning disabled subjects. Eight factors with eigenvalues greater than one were rotated to a final solution that accounted for 67.9 percent of the total variance. HCT-Subtest 1 loaded…

Although there appear to be only minor differences between clinical, counseling, and school psychology disciplines, doctoral training typically involves application to a doctoral specialty training program in one of these separate fields. Perhaps the American Psychological Association (APA) has focused too much on existing differences and not…

The rhetorical aspects of psychotherapeutic theory may be examined by arranging the canons of rhetoric, the sources of persuasion, and some procedures of rhetorical behavior on one axis of a grid, then placing rhetorical/therapeutic situations on the other axis of the grid. In this way, the degree to which a rhetoric is used in psychotherapeutic…

This study investigates the nature of therapist-client interactions within and across seven actual psychotherapy cases to investigate the assertion within interactional theories that positive therapeutic outcome is the result of a transition from relational incongruence to relational congruence. Counselor/client verbal utterances were coded using…

The purpose of this research was to describe what master's-level clinical training programs value and teach. There are two methodologies available in describing these programs. One is a view from the "outside," using data which describe programs. The assumption behind this approach is that a program description reflects the content, faculty…

This paper discusses paradoxical interventions, considering some of the structural variations among paradoxical techniques found in the treatment literature and in general, and highlighting clinical and ethical issues that are pertinent to the application of paradoxical techniques. The structuring of the theraputic paradox is discussed including…

This study attempted to identify relationships between three measures of supervision effectiveness (satisfaction, supervisor competence, and supervision's contribution to skill development) and 48 supervisor behaviors as presented in the Supervision Questionnaire-Revised (SQ-R) and to compare the results with those of a previous study conducted on…