Though Freud often is portrayed by advocates of women's liberation as the villain in the 'biology is destiny' controversy, Freud was very much a person of his own times. Rather than inventing the 'biology is destiny' theme, he was perpetuating a tradition that dates from at least the time of the Greeks, and which was deeply engrained in 19th…

The purpose of this paper was to show how women medical students are socialized into their student role. The sample group was made up of 24 groups of six medical students, up to half of whom were women. The data were collected from responses to a questionnaire administered to the members of each group at the beginning of the semester and again at…

Prospective theater teachers not only can be trained to develop self-actualization in high school students, but they must develop self-actualization in themselves. Self-actualization, as the cornerstone of humanism, emphasizes the achievable goal of being (rather than becoming) creative, spontaneous, curious, concerned about others,…

This study was conducted to: (1) obtain a first approximation reading of the role expectations and performance of administrators in the State Teacher Training Schools of Turkey; (2) explore the relationship between principals and teachers and ministry inspectors for role performance and expectations; and (3) conduct a comparative analysis of the…

This speech focuses on the role that research and development can and will play in the planning and operation of teacher centers over the next few years. The speech is divided into three sections for the three critical issues that are discussed: a) issues concerning policy analysis related to teacher centers, b) issues in the development and…

The principal's main role must be that of a change agent who is attempting to improve instruction by improving teaching, and the best way to improve teaching is to change teacher behavior. This improvement is possible only through changes in the instructional pattern of the teacher. Some methods of procedure and discussion of leadership patterns…

This study examines the development of communication and social inference in terms of the child's immediate social environment, the child's role systems, and the standards of interpersonal relationships. Middle-class mothers and fathers of first, third, and fifth graders were asked what they say to their children in several common situations in…

Longitudinal data from blue-collar maintenance personnel and utility engineers were used to identify the plausible mediators between participative decision making (PDM) and job satisfaction (JS). Covariance structure analysis was also performed on the data. Role ambiguity, perceived obstacles, and performance-reward expectancy were found to…

Ways in which women practice power in the central office and the perceptions of those practices are explored in this study. The paper raises the questions: "How can a woman be perceived as successful in a central-office administrative position?""How is success defined by those with whom she works?" and "What do her colleagues accept as successful…

Although work continues to play a significant role in the lives of most men and an increasing number of women that role is changing. This study examined the intrinsic value of work. The 53 subjects for this study were drawn from a review of 160 files for clients who were referred to the Occupational Performance Analysis Unit at the University of…

Important challenges for women in American society are discussed, based on the experiences and perceptions of Reatha Clark King, president of Metropolitan State University in Minnesota. She suggests that learning to be effective in the community is a priority in order to reach greater progress in womens' advancement, since most of the key…

Reported are results from two runs of the simulation "Bureaucratic Bargaining," developed to help students understand the inherent tension between roles and belief systems in American foreign policy decision making. To determine their belief systems, 165 students enrolled in an introductory international relations course were tested with…

A comparative analysis is presented on the differences between student teachers and student nurses regarding the way in which they perceive their roles. It is hypothesized that there is a difference in the pace of occupational socialization which ranges from "instant" (acting and feeling as a professional from the beginning), "incremental" (seeing…

An exploration of the process by which newly hired high school principals learn instructional leadership roles is presented in this paper, which focuses on the effect of faculty and superintendent expectations on principals' leadership behavior. A triangularized methodology includes indepth interviews with new principals, (n=28) from a midwestern…

The present paper, part of a larger study of family day care, examines providers' perceptions of themselves in relation to their work roles. Perceptions of self as mother, as teacher, and as business owner/operator are analyzed within a theoretial framework including the constructs of self-concept and role conflict. Participants, 10 family day…