Through a review of literature on the subject, this paper discusses the dangers of political influence on the demand for educational accountability in Australian schools. Some areas of universities and colleges should remain free from vertical or political accountability, the paper warns. These areas include the values of liberalism and free…

Teachers have far too little scientific training and knowledge to permit them to practice with autonomy. Consequently, teachers are restricted by the imposition of superfluous rules governing students' conduct, behavioral objectives, lesson plans, rigidly scheduled activities and testing programs. If educational practices were based on vast…

Data collected as part of a larger survey that focused on the 1978 gubernatorial race in New York State were used in a study of political advertising and media credibility. Specifically, the study examined the factors that influence an individual's rating of the helpfulness of political advertising and related these factors to voting patterns. A…

The method of campaigning politically on television has changed markedly between 1952, when speeches by candidates were the prevalent mode of television campaigning, and 1972, when 60-second and 30-second spot announcements had almost replaced broadcast addresses. However, studies show that spots do not constitute an important source of political…

What is the effect of collective bargaining on the issue of excellence or equality in higher education? Relevant to this discussion are: (1) institutions of higher education vary so greatly in goals, student bodies, and products that we cannot study higher education as a single industry producing a single product; (2) the economic and political…

This paper investigates the relationship between the demand-response behavior of school boards and incumbent school board member defeat. Demand is defined as public demand as operationalized by social, economic, and political indicators (listed in Appendix A). Response is defined as school board response to public demand as operationalized by the…

Business policy texts identify numerous steps that make up the policy implementation process for private firms. On the surface, these steps also appear applicable to the implementation of public policies. However, the problems of carrying out these implementing steps in the public sector are significantly different than in the private sector due…

Planning is a complex activity that varies a great deal from country to country depending on such variables as the administrative structure of the country. The complexity of the task is increased because the five planning activities--issuing directives for planning, preparing plans, approving plans, implementing plans, and evaluating and revising…

The movement toward school decentralization in Chicago is best described as a strategy of incrementalism. It has proceeded along separate fronts--administrative decentralization, district and school advisory councils, and a special experimental district. This paper describes the extent to which these developments have progressed. It also seeks to…

Examines some of the geographical elements that influenced the creation of the U.S. Constitution, such as sectionalism, the Piedmont, and the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Focusing on aspects of geography that underlie the thinking, writing, and ratification of the document, the authors explore geography as environment, image-maker, and explicit…

The author shares his views concerning furthering the development of educational and vocational guidance services in developing countries. He discusses the importance of society, the family, and the individual; guidance philosophy; cultural compatibility of guidance and counseling; and guidance adaptations and their objectives. (CT)

The Memphis Restructuring Initiative (MRI) was an attempt at comprehensive school reform in Tennessee that ended with a whimper. Its downfall seems to involve some sort of "schismogenesis" or "inversion," in which many teachers violently reacted against being overworked and overwhelmed, culminating in the easy discarding of 8…

Over the course of the 20th century, American Presidential campaign rhetoric has undergone various metamorphoses. Most of these changes can be traced to developments in technology and media. Furthermore, many of these changes have had the unfortunate effect of undermining a rational choice of the electorate, and thus threaten our democracy. Like…

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and assess the choice of Jerusalem (Israel) for the 66th IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions) Council and General Conference (Jerusalem, Israel, August 13-18, 2000) and to provide some recommendations and suggestions for similar situations in the future. The paper asserts…

Discusses environmental affairs of the past three decades in the perspective of historical evolution by determining the degree which characteristics of these affairs (from values to political controversy to economic change and political ideology) constitute an elaboration of earlier tendencies. Argues that environmental affairs be studied within a…