This paper describes social problems that ethnic minorities are likely to experience in the 1980s and presents guidelines for shaping educational policies and programs that will help ethnic minority youths to experience more educational equity during the remainder of the decade. The minority groups discussed are those that are heavily concentrated…

Recognizing the lack of public confidence in the schools, public officials and educators should discuss the proper use and limitations of competency testing and the implementation of national tests. Competency tests should be used for diagnosis, for certifying that students possess basic skills, and for public awareness. They should not be the…

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 prescribes educational equity under coeducation (or sex desegregation). Equity of educational benefits is to include the entire range of educational outcomes: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. However, coeducational classrooms may not provide this equity. Research pertaining to the relative merits…

The history of college desegregation and federal funding to higher education is reviewed. Both the Morrill Act of 1890 and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 fused the issues of federal aid and racial discrimination in higher education. Although the basic legal standards formulated in the decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and…

Project EQuality, initiated by the College Board in response to the 17-year decline in high school students' college admissions test scores, is described. The project is an effort to enlist schools and colleges in a cooperative campaign to strengthen the quality of secondary education and to carry further the gains of equal opportunity made over…

Most of the dilemmas, contradictions, and inconsistencies that beset the nation's schools relate either directly or indirectly to the ambiguous, overworked twin concepts of cultural pluralism and the great American melting pot. Examination of the ethnic history of the United States reveals that those minorities urging cultural pluralism were…

Equity in the institutional choices of enrolling college students was assessed. The focus of study was whether students similar in educationally relevant characteristics, but dissimilar in ascriptive or socioeconomic background characteristics, attend similar institutions at similar rates. The study was based on multiple regression analysis of…

The academic fate of students from different ethnic groups under open admissions at City University of New York is examined. Three central questions are addressed: (1) Who came and how was the ethnic composition of the university affected by open admissions? (2) To what degree did different parts of the university become ethnically integrated? (3)…

The history of educational programming for the handicapped has unfortunately been one of quiet discrimination. This pattern has come from the evolution of an isolation-based society. Society is moving increasingly toward the human and equity-based treatment of disabled people. Reflecting some court decisions, the Education of the Handicapped Act…

Despite the rhetoric as to its importance, this analysis concludes that there is no federal interest in promoting meaningful, substantive parent-community involvement in bilingual education. The absence of policy, data, theory, specifically worded governing rules and regulations, established models of involvement, training programs, or technical…

This study is based on the assertion that it is not enough for student aid programs to facilitate attendance at, and even graduation from, a postsecondary institution because the very means used may have a negative impact on students who benefitted from such aid. While student aid may equalize college attendance across students, it may not promote…

The past ten years have brought revolutionary advances in Indian education; further advances are needed and are possible if Indian people build upon their recent gains. Indicators of the revolution in Indian education abound, including increases in college enrollment and numbers of high school graduates, growth of Indian-centered and…

Analysis of the British feminist movement from 1850 to 1975 reveals a constant struggle by feminists for equality in the face of legal and social restrictions and a corresponding lack of response by the British government to movement demands. The political organization of the feminist movement is described in four phases. During the first phase,…

The focus of this paper is inequality - primarily, income - inequality - in the United States and the historical-political context in which policies that affect inequality are being discussed. The first section gives a brief description of recent trends in the distribution of income in the United States, a picture whose most remarkable feature is…

Questions concerning academic and vocational questions were answered by examining how legislation affects and corrects sex role stereotyping, societal attitudes and sex bias, and employment patterns of men and women at present and in the future. Educational practices that promote sex discrimination were investigated in the following areas:…