A study of English-as-a-second-language (ESL) and bilingual education policies in Oregon's local school districts analyzed their contribution to equal educational opportunity and quality education for language minority students. A survey of all public school districts in the state elicited information about eight policy areas: identification and…

Faults of special education include its medical view of disability, its arbitrary division of students into handicapped and nonhandicapped, and the resultant separation between general and special education. Disabled adults are becoming less tolerant of an educational system that fails to recognize the capabilities of handicapped students.…

A ten-year research effort, conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), explored the relative merits and failings of different national systems of education in the United States and in Western and Eastern Europe. The first section of this report deals with trends in American education as seen…

This paper explores the ideological changes which have influenced American education during the past 25 years. Gradual shifting of values and fluctuating attitudes are examined in the broad areas of authority, educational theory, the idea of merit, and moral perspectives. It is pointed out that public disastisfaction with the schools has been felt…

Cultural biases about rural schools and people have influenced rural education, public policies, and distribution of funds away from areas where they are most needed. Policymakers have regarded the rural school's condition (sparsity, isolation, smallness, limited economic base) in negative terms, resulting in public policies that ignored,…

The American educational system is based upon outmoded premises and should be revised in line with present trends and future needs. Our present system of education was created to serve an industrial society: to develop an elite cadre of well educated professionals, a mass of somewhat educated technical workers, and a solid base of laborers. It…

Considerations for establishing a system for indexing tuition and fees to the cost of education and implications for state policy are examined. It is suggested that the attraction of the indexing approach to tuition arises from a number of causes including the upward pressure on tuition created by changing demographic and fiscal conditions.…

In 1970-1972 a Texas high school in a bicultural community piloted a motivational program of English, Language Arts, and Social Studies skills designed to involve disadvantaged students (mostly Mexican American) in positive, creative outlets to alleviate a negative self-concept. Four teachers plus Title I Migrant aides used a team teaching…

The greatest watershed in federal higher education policy was the Educational Admendments of 1972 that involved the federal government in support of higher education through aid to students. Future fruitful steps in federal legislation would be student-aid policies that allow recipients more institutional choice; meet the needs of part-time…

Three major sections compose this paper: (1) education, equality, and mobility; (2) social origin and educational experience; (3) educational antecedents of occupational groups. Basically the paper discusses where Britain stands in what has been described as the 'century of the child' and in a period of high educational aspirations and hopes for…

The major purpose of this paper are to survey the published data on the size distribution of personal income in a number of countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), to point out the shortcomings of currently collected data, and to propose improvements. An important conclusion concerning the first…

This Publication consists of nine articles that were originally prepared for a 1975 conference on "Critical Issues in Educational Finance," which was cosponsored by the Virginia Institute for Educational Finance, the Institutes on Education (Madison College), and the Virginia Association of School Executives. Included are the following articles:…

The under-representation of women in physical science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (PSTEM) career fields is a persistent problem. This paper summarizes an extensive review of the literature pertaining to the many issues that surround this problem. The review revealed a wide range of viewpoints and a broad spectrum of research…

The Internet has major implications for both education and educational research. According to John Dewey (1916), the form of experience that is most educative is participation in shared inquiry. The Internet "represents a dynamically evolving virtual world, with virtual communities forming all over the place, each composed of people with…

Universities assume that entering students possess computer skills and literacy and then expect students to utilize these assumed skills by offering computer-based instruction, requiring research using the World Wide Web, offering online courses, and integrating computer usage into many courses. Universities seldom stop to determine if required…