This pilot study used a multidisciplinary, ethnographic approach to evaluate effects of prenatal drug exposure on four cocaine/polydrug-exposed infants and their rural mothers/caregivers and to begin development of a model training program. The study involved document review of hospital and social services records, participant observation, structured interviews, and administration of a test of locus of control and a family needs survey. Specific information evaluated included newborn medical information, demographic information, perceptions of the primary caregiver, and locus of control of caregivers. Findings included: infant complications were experienced by all four children; all four caregivers lived as single mothers; all mothers indicated that a preschool program would be helpful but only one indicated a need for more training herself; caregivers expressed a combination of internal and external loci of control; all caregivers expressed a need to know more about their child's condition; and all believed their children to be normal and healthy. The development of a home-school partnership for educating these children is stressed. Figures and tables detail responses of caregivers. (Contains 15 references.) (DB)