The movement within behavior therapy to introduce cognitive terms, constructs, and techniques reflects and involves an extension of the pervasive cognitive movement within the experimental field and the long-standing cognitive approach of many clinicians. Modern day attacks on behaviorism by cognitivists have been almost exclusively geared to the radical behaviorism of J. B. Watson and B. F. Skinner. Rarely are the advances in neobehaviorism addressed. The criticisms may be grouped within the following categories: anti-scientific analysis; anti-radical environmentalism and determinism; the argument that the human is unique and separate; an attack within the laboratory on the role of behavior; and cognitive psychology as a weapon of propaganda. What is at stake is the development of an orderly accumulation of knowledge with theoretical models formulated in a precise and testable manner with the development of operational clinical procedures that can determine the behavioral change-agent. Systematic desensitization and implosive therapy are two approaches that meet this challenge. To achieve the objective of determining the laws associated with psychopathology there must be a return to the foundation built by the founding fathers of behavior therapy. Cognitive therapy and the cognitive movement as they are known today will die as all fads do for lack of substance. So will behavior therapy, as it is known today, unless the revolutionary goals originally outlined are executed. (LLL)