Evaluation of child-centered families with mentally retarded children has generated a body of theory based on new concepts of these families. Evidence suggests that relational processes interfering with functional structure in these families also give rise to significant emotional development problems for the retarded child. In turn, symptoms are produced and supported in all family members. Child-centeredness, as an expression of dysfunctional family development, exhibits itself as a family's depending on the child's condition (i.e., mental retardation). For the parents, this provides opportunities to avoid personal and marital confrontation because all concerns must be centered on the retarded child. Deviant interactional marriage patterns such as a conflict-loaded marriage may give rise to child-centeredness. The children may exhibit special symptoms and problems with emotional development, in addition to the problems normally accompanying mental retardation. Family therapy is a useful intervention for treatment of these dysfunctional families. (A case study and references are provided). (ABL)