This manuscript is a report of the third revision of the Maryland Preschool Self-Concept of Scale originally developed by Smith (1977). Two samples of 4-, 5-, and 6-year old children (N = 54 and N = 78) were administered the Maryland Preschool Self-Concept Scale - Revised (MPSS-R). In the first study, the measure was given twice, 3 to 5 weeks apart; during the second testing session the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R) was also administered in a counterbalanced order. The MPSS-R, the PPVT-R, the Young Children's Social Desirability Scale (YCSDS) and the McDaniel-Piers Young Children's Self Concept Scale were administered in the second investigation, with no retesting. In addition, teachers completed an Inferred Self-Concept Scale for each of their children. The results of the two studies indicate that, while the MPSS-R shows promise as a scale to be used for research purposes, it is in need of further revision. While its internal consistency and item-total correlations are minimally sufficient for research instruments, improvement in its psychometric properties is necessary in order to be able to utilize it with greater confidence. (Author/PN)