This paper attempts to trace the historical and societal development of sex roles as related to women in today's society. Discussions include the role of the female in tribal societies, the development of monogamous marriage, and the societal influences which identify a woman primarily as a housewife and mother from the 16th-20th centuries.…

Examines whether bias and stereotypes filter into reporters' consciousness, affecting what they write about women, or whether reporters successfully avoid the influence of such bias. Claims that instances of sex-stereotyping were a result of chance rather than ingrained, institutional gender bias. (MM)

The traditional female stereotype described norms for women in that the characteristics were deemed to be "appropriate" for all women. Recent research described three role-based subcategories of women (housewife, professional woman, sex object) which are based on the female homemaking, work, or romantic roles respectively. The subcategories…

Survival analysis computes functions for occurrence or non-occurrence of an event over a time period for a particular group of subjects. This study compared survival analyses to traditional ANOVAs and Chi-square analyses on a data set of imitation scores of 18-month-old toddlers. The 48 subjects were randomly assigned to two experimental…

This study examined the relationship of gender, sex role orientation, and work attitudes to the domestic division of labor in 141 working couples. Couples completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory and a questionnaire on the performance of household tasks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that working women performed a disproportionately larger…

North American men die about 10 years younger than their female counterparts. This difference is not based on biological differences but on behavioral differences. Men are taught not to take care of themselves and to deaden themselves emotionally. Men are incurable romantics. They are addicted to the hero myth which is a wonderful inspiring,…

A 6-day gender role workshop for adult men and women is described using current theory and research. The principle concepts discussed in the workshop were adult gender role journeys, gender role transitions, and gender role conflicts. The workshop's curriculum and process are described, including workshop themes, lectures, media, and structured…

Male and female students from general psychology classes completed several attitudinal questionnaires, including the Women as Managers Scale and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale. In a later experimental session, subjects viewed a 10-minute video tape that contained either a male or a female directing a mixed sex triad on a dominoes design task.…

Many Latin American immigrants have encountered new social problems, including language barriers, stereotypes associated with being hispanic, special insecurities experienced by women, role changes, isolation, and alienation from families. Attitudes about return migration appear to be different in men and women. Men more often wish to return to…

Research has indicated that gender constancy and categorization are achieved in childhood and that autonomous sex-role integration occurs during adulthood, well after a secure sense of gender identity is established. To examine developmental sex-role identification, college students rated themselves on a "current" Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and…

Research on gender stereotypes has contrasted males with females, describing males by competency traits and females by traits which denote warmth or emotionality. However, it has become clear that these traits do not satisfactorily describe all members of either sex, since not all men possess only masculine characteristics and not all women…

The hypothesis that the presence of males inhibits the emergence of women as leaders and that this phenomenon is unrelated to differences in dominance, but rather to sex role expectations, was tested. Thirty women attending a woman's college were paired with both male and female peers, whom they did not know, for an experimental task in which one…

Literature has perpetuated through the centuries the cultural and traditional roles and stereotypes of woman, particularly the Hispanic woman. Two main categories or images of woman, with variations and generalizations, have been: (1) the "good woman", symbolized by a woman who can think or do no evil, is pure, understanding, kind, weak,…

Horner's study of the motive to avoid success (Ms) was replicated on fifth through eleventh grade males and females. Ss were given a TAT-like measure of Ms and a measure of sex role identity. They also performed a series of tasks in competitive and non-competitive conditions. No sex differences or clear age trends in Ms imagery were found;…

Despite the increasing incidence of infidelity, little empirical evidence is available to guide the efforts of marriage and family therapists in this area. This study examines how gender, participant training, and follow-up mitigating information relate to perceptions of individuals in couple relationships presenting for therapy with a history of…