The case study research reported in this paper followed the iterative design trajectory of youth game designers (ages 11-17) in a week-long summer game design camp, focused on the fundamentals of video game design. Drawing on data from a daily conceptual pitch and feedback activity, the research team traced the iterative design trajectory for one…

Ogbu and Simon's (1998) and Ogbu's (2003) cultural-ecological theoretical framework postulates that voluntary immigrants, those who chose to migrate to a new land, would perform well academically because of their perceived beliefs that they could get a good education and could succeed more in their "new" land of opportunity than in their…

This paper reports findings from a multi-year study of the scale-up of Reading Apprenticeship (RA), an approach to improve academic literacy by helping teachers provide the support students need to be successful readers in the content areas. WestEd's Strategic Literacy Initiative (SLI), began developing the program in 1995 and has since reached…

This paper reports the impact of a collaborative professional experience model on pre-service secondary mathematics teachers' perspectives and practices within a learning community. Nine pre-service teachers made 12 school visits over one year to observe and co-teach problem-solving lessons in two Year 8 classes. They discussed the lesson with the…

This paper describes a study of managerial behavior in educational organizations that focused on managerial attention as an organizational coupling mechanism. Structured observation was used to collect minute-by-minute time allocation protocols for five first-line education program managers over 20 working days, and these protocols were analyzed…

Learning is defined as the modification and acquisition of knowledge, feelings, and abilities of the student--the outcomes of the teaching-learning process. The teaching-learning process in vocational education is intended to serve as the vehicle for achieving specific outcomes embodied in the goals of the vocational program. Two primary strands…

In January 1982, the College Board and Educational Testing Service implemented a technical change in the procedures used to equate scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). For previous editions of the SAT, a linear equating procedure was used to establish the comparability of scores on different editions. Beginning in January 1982, this…

An action-theory framework is used to systematically analyze the educational literature about student involvement in learning. Action is self-directed and arises from internal stimuli. In contrast, behavior is other directed and responds to external stimuli. The review focuses on the involvement of secondary learners in curricular, rather than…

This paper reviews the current social studies literature on temporal perspective as a psychological phenomenon and relates that literature to the Piagetian paradigm of development. It discusses the contemporary viewpoints on the nature of time and temporality. The paper outlines the distinctions between the Piagetian paradigm and the Vygotskian…

The present study uses an exemplar of contextual adolescent behavior theory, Jessor and Jessor's (1977) Problem Behavior Therapy (PBT), to review the current state of drug use prevention strategies. An overview of PBT theory and research are provided, and health communication programs, both academic and professional, are evaluated accordingly. It…

This paper presents the findings of an exploratory case analysis of three beginning social studies teachers regarding how their personal theorizing impacted their instructional decision making and classroom actions as newly inducted teachers. In addition, how the teachers' personal theorizing evolved as a result of their first year of experience…

The nonparametric approach to test theory discussed here has its roots in the early work of Guttman, Lazarsfeld, and Meredith; and more recently in the work of Cliff and in Tatsuoka and Tatsuoka. Mokken's extensive treatment of this subject concentrated on defining, constructing, and testing unidimensional scales, based on responses to dichotomous…

This study investigates the types and proportions of various types of questions that junior high school biology teachers use during classroom instruction. A beginning teacher's adoption of questioning strategies is also compared with those of experienced teachers. A beginning biology teacher and two experienced teachers participated in the study.…

This paper explores the relevancy of apprenticeships for professional training. While often neglected in current educational theory, apprenticeship training is common in the arts and in the mentoring and supervision of professionals. The apprenticeship model may provide solutions for some of the problems of the current educational system such as…

This paper directs attention to the use of the EQUATIONS game as a research tool to study certain kinds of mathematical behavior, for example, the kinds of mathematical problems which players prefer to consider and to force their opponents to consider. Mathematical equations that meet certain game rule constraints constitute a problem space. A…