A study investigated the relationship between teachers' expectations of first and second grade bilingual students and reading achievement of students in English. Through classroom observation, researchers identified the expectations held by the teachers for the bilingual students and then identified teacher behaviors toward the high and low…

A discriminant analysis of the relationships between 335 Florida students' first and second grade scores on the reading subtests of the Metropolitan Achievement Test (MAT) and their third grade scores on the Florida Statewide Assessment Test (FSAT) was undertaken, using race, sex, and intelligence as independent variables. Three null hypotheses…

This report summarizes the data obtained through the administration of the Observation Survey (M. Clay) as part of the K-2 Student Assessment Portfolio of the Durham Public Schools, North Carolina, during the second year of data collection. The database contained a total of 7,752 students in kindergarten through grade 2. The Observation Survey…

A study examined the effectiveness of both the informal and standardized readiness measures in predicting the literacy development of both normal first grade subjects and high-risk, language-delayed primary children. Subjects, 60 first grade and 27 language-delayed children were given three informal literacy measures, the "Writing Vocabulary…

This study investigated the effect of various dimensions of classroom structure on children's reading skills. Two classrooms each from grades one to three were selected by district administrators as outstanding examples of different types of classroom structure. A sample of 16 children was drawn from each class. Each classroom was observed on the…

In an attempt to uncover the influence of primary reading textbook content on reading achievement, both historical and contemporary reading textbooks were analyzed in terms of sex role portrayal in a variety of settings. The implications of the observed portrayals for children's own sex role modeling are discussed. Among the observations are: a…

A study evaluated reaching achievement for three groups of first-grade students: (1) those receiving phonics instruction utilizing the "Open Court" phonics materials integrated with the District's language arts curriculum; (2) those receiving phonics instruction in the context of guided and shared reading activities ("Phonics in…

A longitudinal study determined if children's invented spelling served as a viable predictor of reading achievement and compared the predictive value of assessing children's invented spelling relative to other notable predictors, such as letter names, letter sounds, a concept of a word, and phonemic awareness. Subjects, 52 kindergarten children…

An integrated, three-dimensional cognitive model of reading comprehension was used to investigate the relationship between Piagetian theory (classificational reasoning abilities that emphasize the tacit use of metalinguistic concepts), and reading acquisition (word recognition and reading comprehension). Twenty-four second and third grade remedial…

Thirty-three first grade classrooms in Georgia were observed to determine the state of language experience instruction and to examine whether such instruction makes a difference in students' awareness of the reading purpose, their knowledge of instructional terminology, their reading attitudes, and their reading achievement. The Allen Level of…

Twenty second grade students were tested to determine the possible relationships between concrete operations and reading and between cognitive clarity and reading achievement. The subjects performed six Piagetian conservation tasks and four tasks on cognitive clarity. Reading achievement was based on student records. The data on the relationship…

In response to the interest in the potential good that may result from the development and implementation of parent education programs, the Dooly County (Georgia) school district organized several parent education efforts beginning in 1973-74. During the 1976-77 school year, the reading coordinator decided to conduct a parent education program…

Forty-eight first grade students participated in a three-fold study to (1) examine the effect of repeated exposure to text on memory for prose as determined through retelling, (2) determine how low and high comprehending students performed on this task, and (3) determine if males would perform as well as females on the task. The subjects were…

Twenty-seven third-grade children in a northern Louisiana public school participated in a study which examined whether a minimum amount of direct instruction in sight word recognition, combined with drill of sight words, could result in significantly better performance for the targeted at-risk children on the story and unit reading tests. The…

A study investigated the effect of phonemic awareness and cognitive flexibility training on the phonemic awareness, cognitive flexibility, reading, and spelling ability of kindergarten and first-grade students. Subjects were 280 students from 12 classrooms in 3 urban elementary schools. Four pre- and posttest measures were administered. Students…