The purpose of this study was to determine the disruptive effect of unknown words on reading and to examine this effect in relationship to grammatical position and modification type. Forty second grade children from two different lower middle class, semirural schools were randomly assigned to the standardization group or the experimental group.…

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to explore the impact of a direct reading instruction program, "Reading Mastery (RM)," on literacy performance of students over a five-year period. Initially, 700 students in grades K-3 were randomly selected from six elementary schools to participate in the study; an additional 100…

A study investigated the diversity in listener responses to student behaviors during oral reading. Participants were four beginning readers in grades one through three. The adult listeners included the child's classroom teacher, a listener from the home, and a reading teacher and/or one or more reading tutors. The children were videotaped reading…

To assess the success of third grade readers in segmenting written text into the ideational groupings judged appropriate by adult readers, 22 students were given two prose selections and told to mark each location where a good reader might pause or take a breath while reading a story out loud. Their pausal locations were then compared to those…

A study investigated the relationship between phonological features in the oral reading of black West Indians and their reading comprehension. Subjects were 54 college students at the College of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas. Each subject was recorded reading two passages and completed two cloze tests. The tapes then were analyzed for nine…

A study of 11 boys, aged 12 to 14 with low reading ability, was conducted to discover what kinds of errors they made and whether or not differences might exist between error patterns in silent and oral reading. Miscue analysis was used to test oral reading while cloze procedures were used to test silent reading. Errors were categorized according…

This paper constructs a taxonomy for non-oral reading based on Kenneth and Yetta Goodman's reading research. Cloze type deletions reveal how proficient readers and low ability readers from 6 to 14 years of age use graphophonic, syntactic, and semantic cues. It compares performance of Australian children on oral reading and outline strategies with…

Subjects within one reading level only were included in this study to determine reflective and impulsive subject groups on the basis of Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) test time and error scores within that reading level rather than over all levels, to use the same reading test passages for all subjects, and then to apply statistical tests of…

In order to explore the relationship between word recognition and comprehension, the oral reading behavior of two types of disabled readers--readers with poor comprehension but adequate word-recognition abilities (LoC-HiWR) and readers with good comprehension and poor word-recognition abilities (HiC-LoWR)--was compared. Subjects read orally two…

Intended to help educators explain an instructional program to parents, this document presents and discusses the following ten statements reflecting traditional views about teaching reading: (1) Reading is a simple, passive mental process. (2) An efficient reader pronounces every word in the passage. (3) When children come to an unfamiliar word,…

Using an adaptation of a miscue taxonomy developed by Cziko, a study compared the reading performance of: (1) English-monolingual and bilingual third-grade students reading in English; (2) Spanish-monolingual and bilingual third-grade students reading in Spanish, and (3) bilingual third-grade students reading in Spanish and English. The subjects…

A total of 163 teachers were involved in a study to determine whether primary school teachers exhibited different attitudes toward specific kinds of oral reading errors than did teachers of older students, whether the attitudes of teachers of English as a second language and special education teachers were similar to the attitudes of regular…

Oral reading errors of functionally illiterate adults were compared with those of younger readers at the same achievement level. The sample consisted of 34 second- and third-grade pupils and 31 functionally illiterate adults; all subjects were reading between grade levels 2.5 and 4.0 for both word recognition and comprehension, as measured by the…

The altercue continuum is a theoretical arrangement of oral reading responses which deviate from the expected responses, arranged according to their relationship to reading comprehension. Elements from miscue research, including phoneme-grapheme correspondence, serve as principles for organizing altercue types according to comprehension. Semantic…

The reading and writing behavior of nine mentally retarded Black adolescents enrolled in secondary level special education classes in an urban school district were analyzed. Data were collected on 11 language tasks which included drawing, forming letters and numbers, and general print production. Ss were also requested to answer…