Over the last several decades a number of strategies have emerged and evolved to promote gender equity in development efforts. Yet debates regarding the relative efficacy of these strategies remain. On Thursday, April 26, 2007, the Woodrow Wilson Center convened a group of experts on gender and development to address the issue of gender inequality…

A hypothetical organization chart was adopted to examine the relative worth of five positions and pay differentials as a function of rater's sex, money ethic endorsement (belief that money is good), and job incumbent's sex. The study explored the "Matthew Effect," the tendency of people to be willing to pay more for the highest position…

A study to identify the influence of vocational education on an individual's underemployment analyzed data from a Taiwan labor use survey conducted in May 1993. Data were restricted to 9,415 respondents who were currently employed, aged 20-65, and not in the army; who had participated in general or vocational high school education; and for whom…

Since the 1960s Korean society has been influenced by a variety of Western cultures, resulting in considerable changes in the roles assumed by women, especially related to their increasing employment. However, less than 3% of all managers or administrators are women. The Attitudes Toward Women scale and questionnaires concerning other…

Feminist thinkers offer new interpretations of the role of technology in social life. As society has progressed, men have become culture-centered rather than nature-centered, while women have remained nature-centered. Thus, women's devaluation resides in man's desire to control both nature and women. The values of objectivity, progress,…

A study was undertaken to determine if men and women in public relations jobs differed on the extent to which they performed each of four roles. Based upon the conceptual models found in a wide range of literature on consulting, the four roles used in the study were: (1) expert prescriber, in which the practitioner operates as the authority on…

The research described in this paper was designed to assess the attitudes of male college students toward feminism, to analyze possible relationships between these attitudes and certain demographic characteristics of the family of origin, and to determine whether such attitudes affect the structuring of social stimuli. It was hypothesized that (1)…

Although women's roles in America had previously been confined to home and family, women in the 1960's began to look for professional fulfillment outside the home. A recent survey of 300 midlife Boston women reveals that women who are married, have children, and are in prestigious positions have the greatest sense of well-being. The women's…

Two contrasting predictions regarding the effects of dual- versus single-career marriage on children's sex-role identification were tested: (1) the relative lack of sex-role differentiation in dual-career marriages should promote relatively androgynous sex-role identification in children from such families; and (2) the presence of two…

A study examined the relationship among attitudes toward women in general, attitudes toward women as managers, and perceptions of the communication competencies of women managers. Subjects, 178 employees from various types of organizations, completed the Positive Regard Scale (PRS), the Women as Managers Scale (WAMS), and the Communication…

Recent studies of the history of working-class leisure have rested on the conceptualization of leisure as both public and male. A study of the living conditions, recreational activities, and family budgets of white working-class New Yorkers between 1880 and 1920 suggests broad ways in which working women's leisure activities contributed to a…

Washington County, Mississippi was selected as the site for this study because it manifested many of the rural social problems of the larger 11 county Yazoo Mississippi Delta region. During the spring of 1971 a sample of 418 males, 45 years of age and younger, were interviewed to investigate achieved level of living. The sample was about evenly…

Rapid societal changes in traditional male-female relationships partially explain current black male-female communication conflict; but first-generation black professional women face unique problems in maintaining effective communication in two subcultures. Data from a doctoral dissertation on black professional women's perceptions of their…

Only by recognizing that class is not gender neutral can the processes of class formation and reproduction be understood. Class is defined as a process in which human beings take an active part, rather than a structure of categories into which individuals may be inserted. Gender organizes or structures class in many different ways. For example,…

A study was conducted to test the following hypotheses concerning division of household labor (DOHL) between husbands and wives: (1) the division of household labor is somewhat affected by the availability of time, especially the wife's time; (2) there are strong effects of relative power, as measured by market-related resources, marital…