Having reviewed several pieces of strategy documents, policy papers, and literature, we concluded that there is no uniform definition of either institutional autonomy or academic freedom (AF). Many different points of view determine the interpretation of these terms. Furthermore, the policymakers (e.g., governments, legislators) can ignore the…

Purpose: In this study I explore the historical development of academic integrity in Canadian higher education. Theory and method: Framed within the theory of historical agency, applied at a macro rather than an individual level, I analyze a variety of sources to show how the development of student conduct (and its management) in Canada have…

Although efforts were made to establish several higher education institutes in the Medieval era, Hungarian higher education began in 1635 when the first university, which is still in operation today, was founded. For the first one hundred and fifty years the university was under the influence of the church, then under Absolutism, it came under the…

Global competition results in an overall demand for higher skills. In the competitive world, China has no choice but to adjust themselves to become more efficient, productive, and flexible. Higher education in China has played a key role in achieving socialist economy and modernization. Since the open-door policy in the 1980s, there has been a…

Christian higher education (CHE) had been totally disappeared from the China mainland since the 1950s, and related studies only revived in the past 40 years since Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening up policy in 1978. The present paper is an attempt to report what had happened in the past 40 years, and to illustrate some significant contributions…

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the context for education law and policy making in Nigeria and its implementation on youth education. The key focus is on the laws guiding educational policy, along with a case study of the university admission policy and its impact on youth education. The work was first published in the 2018…

Kosovo's educational system lies at the nexus of complex historical circumstances, the influence of transnational organizations, and local imperatives. With the collapse of Yugoslavia, the political and ethnic tensions played out on an international scale and in the day-to-day lives of Kosovo's citizens. At the end of the second decade since the…

In the 21st century, globalization has ruled the drive behind adult education. While adult education, throughout much of the world, historically has its roots in addressing social inequities and social justice, globalization has caused a shift into more economic driven approaches in years of late. Through experience and observation in the field of…

This paper is a brief summary of a large historic research project in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The project aimed to document and analyse the nature of mathematics education from tens of thousands of years ago to the present. Data sources varied from first contact and later records, archaeology, oral histories, language analyses, lived experiences,…

The focus of this article is to highlight adult education in Saudi Arabia. It also investigates the roles of early official and volunteering initiatives that established the adult education and literacy system in Saudi Arabia. In addition, a brief overview of the development of adult agencies such as Night Literacy Schools and Adult Education…

In Vietnam, academic freedom is not guaranteed. This is especially so in relation to politically sensitive subjects such as human rights. This paper discusses how human rights education (HRE) can develop in such contexts. The Government of Vietnam is a signatory to various UN treaties and, consistent with its obligations, has encouraged the…

This article's interest is to approach the impact and changes occurred by integrating digital pedagogical practices in the Moroccan higher educational system. The paper emphasizes the use of digital technology in the university curriculum, and how the latter shaped students' behavior as well as learning development. Our research methodology is…

The purpose of this study is to identify the sources of harmonizing employers' orders in business and graduates of higher education. According to challenges posed by the economic environment the development of tutor-support system has the great potential to solve the problem. In the paper trends of modern specialists' educational preparation are…

This paper explores how equity and access are achieved in the post-apartheid South African higher education landscape. I argue that access should refer to both physical (access as a student to an institution) and epistemological access (skills to understand, interpret academic work). I use conceptual analysis in this study to analyse relevant…

The short history of massive open online courses (MOOCs) has been turbulent. Initial hype has quickly disappeared. MOOCs appear to be experiencing their first stage of maturation offering an opportunity to consider the design of established MOOCs that have been offered on a continual basis. This paper describes a MOOC designed to provide an…