Using data from a broader longitudinal study, this investigation explores within-subject and cross-generational stability of intellectual competence and the relationship of such stability to aggressive behavior. Data were gathered three times (when subjects' modal age was 8, 19, and 30 years). Initially, subjects included the entire population…

Results of two experiments support the finding of developmental change in the role of representation in perspective-taking tasks. Experiment 1, which involved 80 first-grade students with a mean age of 6.5 years, crossed task characteristics and response modes. Subjects either imagined an observer's movement around a fixed array or imagined an…

By using the Developmental Spelling Analysis, based on the spelling inventories developed at the University of Virginia, teachers can screen students for their present stages of word knowledge in an easy-to-administer format. The planning of developmentally appropriate activities for spelling instruction depends upon informed teachers who come to…

A total of 60 children, 20 preschoolers, 20 first-graders, and 20 third-graders, participated in a game involving communication of spatial information. Subjects gave verbal directions to help another person find a hidden object, in this case, a small toy hidden under one of a number of cups. Two experimental conditions were set up, the first…

A study examined how two third-grade bilingual (Mexican-American) students resisted, appropriated, and/or internalized a whole language curriculum and the relationship between student interaction with and response to the whole language curriculum and their literacy development. Participant-observer ethnographic field notes recorded over an entire…