The transition from study to work is an important one. The jobs that graduates secure after completing their studies may very well shape the trajectory of their future careers, so an understanding of how job search influences employment outcomes has significant implications for theory and higher education practice. This article specifically…

Equity theory proposes that outcome distributions are perceived as fair when the ratio of one's own outcomes (e.g., pay) to inputs (e.g., work) is equivalent to that of a comparison other. Research on reward allocations and reward satisfaction, however, suggests that females' behavior frequently does not conform to equity theory predictions. Given…

This is the first of two volumes of selected papers presented at the 1996 conference on "Changes in Working Time in Canada and the United States." Eleven chapters focus on weekly hours worked by individuals, including the recent changes in the distribution of weekly working time in Canada and the U.S., implications of the changing…

The paper examines the effect of military training and experience on the civilian earnings and employment of persons who have served one term of military service. Since training effects are specific to individuals and to civilian occupations, empirical problems in precisely defining the meaning of training effects arise. Additional problems in…

This paper discusses discrepancies between the observable labor market and the idealized world which is assumed in theory. The proposed solutions are focused on the development of an empirical model applicable to data on prime-age males from the Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics, but the author notes that many of these issues are relevant…

The degree to which wives' work decisions reflect the fulfillment of efficiency principles versus a response to social norms and personal needs was analyzed. The National Longitudinal Survey of Women, who were 30 to 44 years of age, provided the data base. To determine if women's work decisions were consistent with maximizing their economic return…

Originally presented at a Conference on Labor in Nonprofit Industry and Government held at Princeton University, the studies are the first to provide an economic discussion of the public sector labor market. Melvin Reder examines the effect of the absence of the profit motive on employment and wage determination in the public sector. Orley…

This paper synthesizes findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study (NLTS) of Special Education Students concerning differences in the secondary educational and postschool experiences of male and female young people. NLTS provided data on more than 8,000 youths who received special education in secondary schools in the 1985-86 school…

Although men and women work in jobs requiring approximately equal levels of education and in occupations with approximately equal prestige, working women earn only about 60% as much on the average as do working men. This disparity in income has important social consequences and is widely perceived as inequitable. One form of this type of…

This study investigated the employment status and earnings of students in the 58 institutions in the North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS) during the years 1993-94, 1994-95, and 1995-96. Data were derived from a state system that uses unemployment insurance files to track employment of students, the NCCCS registration files, and a…

This report focuses on economic, social, and legal development affecting women's employment in the United States during the first half of the United Nations Decade for Women. The first section reports on the economic roles of women in the U.S. as their participation in the labor force reached historically high levels during the last half of the…