The last 10 years have been a distinctive decade in American education. There was much argument for change in the 1950s, but it was Sputnik that sparked action in the field of education. The assumption at that time was that if the U.S. was technologically "behind," the schools were to blame. Federal funds for schools began as an "emergency"…

This paper examines the goals of education which should include the transmission of knowledge, training of skills necessary in a technological society, training of intellectual/abstractive capacities, autonomy and flexibility, and healthy personal and interpersonal functioning. The author argues that a process-oriented classroom approach is more…

Student perceptions of educational opportunities in contrasting educational settings in West Germany are explored. Two types of schools predominate in the Federal Republic of Germany. One type, the traditional, is characterized by a high degree of state control of the curriculum, teacher training, years of schooling, and number and type of…