Inclusion in the Indonesian context means the participation of minority ethnic and religious groups within the dominant Javanese and Muslim society. The issues of ethnic and religious inclusion are discussed in a case study: teaching materials in tertiary education context. This case study looks into how Minahasan ethnic group and Christian…

It has been suggested that current measures used in investigating religion are a mixture of questions concerning values, beliefs, and behaviors and are mixed in their factorial purity. Another difficulty is that there is a relative lack of research on different religions and their specific beliefs. The present study utilized a scale of homogeneous…

Religion has played a dominant role in the lives of people all over the world. It is a widespread and significant social force in human societies. This study examined the degree of religiosity among Muslims, Christians, and Hindus and its effects on dependency and self-esteem. Subjects (N=300) were college students divided evenly among each of the…

Since 1973, the American Psychological Association and the American Psychiatric Association have removed homosexuality as an illness from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (1987). Most religions, however, continue to view homosexual behaviors as abnormal. Student personnel professionals can facilitate changes in religious…

While the role of values in psychotherapy has received increasing attention, little attention has focused on value congruence between client and therapist. To examine the relationship of specific religious beliefs and values to psychotherapy and mental health, 100 orthodox Christian and 104 nonorthodox and non-Christian college students completed…

The degree of incivility varies, but there seems to be general agreement that it is on the rise on college campuses across the country. A number of key elements are involved in the communication aspects of civility: a lack of respect for another human being; name calling and dehumanization; disqualification from dialogue; threats and incitation;…