This study investigates consistent and inconsistent respondents to mixed-worded questionnaire scales in large-scale assessments. Mixed-worded scales contain both positively and negatively worded items and are universally applied in different survey and content areas. Due to the changing wording, these scales require a more careful reading and…

Most comparative studies about China were challenged by many sinologists and educators for not grounding on representative samples. This research is mainly based on a Chinese data base collected from a random sample of more than 10,000 9th-grade students in the Second International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA)…

This study examined whether U.S., Australian, and Swedish grade 9 male and female students' beliefs about themselves as learners of mathematics and English/Swedish differed. The cohort of grade 9 students from one coeducational school in each country participated in the study. Questionnaires were distributed in the three countries and contained…

This investigation examined students attending U.S. and Canadian visual and performing arts secondary schools for distinguishing personality characteristics, locus of control, acceptance of talents, labeling, family dynamics, anxiety levels, perceived personal and school problems, and views of peers, artists/teachers, and counselors. One hundred…