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Download full textCusters, Eugene J. F. M.; And Others – 1992
Previous research has shown that expert physicians' diagnostic performance improves when contextual information about a patient is available, while the performance of novices is not influenced by this source of information. These results are explained by supposing that experts' knowledge is organized in illness-scripts. This study examined this…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Clinical Experience, Comparative Analysis, Diseases
van de Wiel, Margaretha W. J.; And Others – 1994
In the present study, task instruction and lab data format were manipulated to explain the discrepancy between the positive linear recall function with expertise (reported by van de Wiel and others, 1993), and the generally found intermediate effect in clinical case recall. Sixteen second-year medical students, 16 fourth-year students, and 16…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Cognitive Processes, Data Analysis, Foreign Countries
Boshuizen, Henny P. A.; And Others – 1994
The cognitive processes that underlie a medical student's improved competence during the clerkship (clinical experience) portion of medical education were studied for high- and low-achieving medical students in the Netherlands. Nine low-achieving and 21 high-achieving fourth-year students and 10 low-achieving and 14 high-achieving fifth-year…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Clinical Experience, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures
Schmidt, Henk G.; And Others – 1995
This study compared the diagnostic performance of 612 second-, third-, fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-year students from three Dutch medical schools who were educated in either a problem-based, an integrative, or a conventional curriculum. The students were presented with 30 carefully selected clinical cases to diagnose. The study found that, overall,…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Conventional Instruction, Educational Methods, Experience
Custers, Eugene J. F. M.; And Others – 1993
Previous research has shown that, unlike novice physicians' performance, diagnostic quality of expert physicians improves when contextual information (the "Enabling Conditions") about a patient is available. The present study was designed to explore these findings further by systematically varying the typicality of enabling conditions…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Clinical Diagnosis, Comparative Analysis, Context Effect
van de Wiel, Margaretha W. J.; And Others – 1994
In this study Dutch subjects with four different levels of expertise (24 second-year, 24 fourth-year, 24 sixth-year medical students, and 24 internists with at least 4 years of experience) studied, diagnosed, and explained four clinical cases. Diagnostic accuracy increased with the increasing level of expertise. The number of concepts used and the…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Clinical Experience, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Structures
Boshuizen, Henny P. A.; And Others – 1995
A study was undertaken to investigate the validity of a progress test, the Maastricht Progress Test, that was designed to measure knowledge and clinical reasoning growth in a problem-based medical curriculum. Scores and subscores of about 40 students per year (total sample of 195) on the different categories of the progress test were compared with…
Descriptors: Behavioral Sciences, Case Studies, Clinical Diagnosis, Educational Assessment
