As counselors turn their attention to child-based counseling, there is a need to apply the core tenets of the discipline of counseling to young children and incorporate cross-cultural issues into clinical competence. Using Multicultural Counseling Theory (MCT), the authors discuss conventional approaches to providing clinical interventions for…

Music therapy is the unique use of music in the accomplishment of therapeutic aims: the restoration, maintenance, and improvement of mental and physical health. A music therapist can help clients increase understanding of themselves and their environment through systematic involvement with music. The process of music therapy gives clients a…

To determine what percentage of master's level graduate programs in counselor education recommend or require the purchase of malpractice insurance for their students, a 20 percent random sample of 287 master's level counselor education programs, listed in "Graduate Study in Psychology, 1982-83," were surveyed. The return rate was 80 percent (N=46…

Eighteen clinical supervisors participated in focus groups or an individual interview designed to investigate their personal experiences with value conflicts in supervision. Participants described the types of value conflicts they had experiences and their personal impact, effective and ineffective approaches for addressing these issues, resources…

This paper presents 10 specific innovative ideas for teaching a basic research course to counseling students. Each idea is presented briefly and an illustrative example is provided in the appendices. The ideas presented include: (1) encouraging full-time counselor educators to teach the research courses; (2) making direct attempts to reduce…

Little attention has been given to how school counselor education and professional training establishes competencies for which the duties constituting the practice of school counseling are uniquely derived. Furthermore, there is a dearth of information in the literature regarding how school counselor training, the national standards for school…

A model has been developed for using role play in the supervision and training of hypnotherapy. Specific techniques can be role played by trainee and supervisor which can enable the trainee to develop skill and confidence in the use of hypnotic techniques. Hypnotic induction, listening, observing and providing feedback, relaxation,…

For many practitioners, reading about or doing research is not seen as a viable means by which to learn about human behavior. In reaction to the non-utility view of research, a number of writers have questioned the validity of the scientist-practitioner model, or reinterpreted the model, or asked psychologists to reconsider the philosophy of…

This paper focuses on two aspects inherent in working with families--fantasies and realities. A brief discussion of family life in the United States at the end of the 20th century is included at the outset with the intention of identifying who families are before making a diagnosis or intervention. The author encourages counselors to recognize the…

This paper introduces a rationale and method for constructing behavioral analytic measures of training program effectiveness that can be adopted by directors of training in diverse settings. The model includes derivation of problematic, on-the-job situations and effective responses from a target sample of trainees and builds an evaluation measure…

The continuing trend towards the deinstitutionalization of the psychiatrically disabled population and the treatment of this population from an outpatient or community-based perspective has led to increasing numbers of psychiatrically disabled individuals seeking services in the community. This situation, combined with the growing acknowledgement…

More than three million children witness domestic violence each year. School counselors need to understand the dynamics of domestic violence, learn the most effective assessments of violence in the lives of their students, and be familiar with the interventions that can be implemented. External stresses on the family do not appear to influence the…

This paper discusses the history and the impact that current social conditions of Native American people has upon their education, careers, relationships, and physical and mental health, and offers suggestions about how counselors can help Native Americans improve their lives. The structure of the paper includes a brief history of some of the…

Adult and continuing education are based on the assumptions that individuals control their lives; lifelong education is an essential component of adults' lives; and the enhancement of adult education resides with adult educators who provide leadership, design policy, translate policy into action, develop learning opportunities for adults, and…

Role playing and modeling are important components of counselor training. To examine gender and ordinal position effects on the role play practice of counselor trainees, 51 beginning students (35 females, 16 males) participated in role play dyads. Following classroom videotape skill training in reflection of feeling responses, subjects were…