Explores self-esteem in a group of recent school-leavers (N=3,066). Results indicate that self-esteem was significantly lower in economically underemployed groups, relative to the adequately employed, after controlling for early self-esteem and other factors. No differences in self-esteem emerged among the economically underemployed groups. (RJM)

When the skills taught in eight commercial social skills training programs were compared with 20 generalizable interpersonal skills, programs were found to address 15-70 percent. The correlation between social skills and employment difficulties of mildly disabled adolescents highlights the need for validating job-related social skills and…

A recent study of education-job mismatch among 487 Canadian university graduates are analyzed, and the implications in the debate over shortages of skilled employees are considered. It is suggested that the perceived skills shortage is rather a problem of inadequate skill utilization, implying greater employer responsibility. (MSE)

To examine the implications of fathers' occupational conditions (i.e., income, work hours, shift work, pressure, workplace racism, and underemployment) for family members' psychological adjustment, home interviews were conducted with fathers, mothers, and two adolescent offspring in each of 218 Mexican American families. Results underscored the…

A study to identify the influence of vocational education on an individual's underemployment analyzed data from a Taiwan labor use survey conducted in May 1993. Data were restricted to 9,415 respondents who were currently employed, aged 20-65, and not in the army; who had participated in general or vocational high school education; and for whom…

The recent growth in part-time employment has been propelled by a marked increase in the number of involuntary part-time workers. Most of the growth can be traced to sectoral shifts in the economy toward industries dominated by low-wage, part-time jobs. Many employers hire part-timers to cut costs and gain flexibility, but the creation of more…

Analyzed data on 193 cases of suicide in Detroit to assess changes and continuities in the etiology of suicide. Results showed the highest rate of suicide has shifted from the elderly to the relatively young age cohorts. Males, persons in manual occupations, Whites, and immigrants continued to have relatively high rates of suicide. (JAC)

In 1987, 10 percent of rural families headed by a worker had incomes below poverty level. Worker poverty was related to working part of the year or part time; having children; or being under 25-years old, Black, Hispanic, a high school dropout, or a single female head of household. (SV)

Demonstrates the dramatic difference in labor force descriptions resulting from use of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' measure labelled U-7 rather than U-5, the official measure. U-7 includes both discouraged workers and involuntary part-time workers. U-7 is the more appropriate index for accurately picturing many parts of rural America. (DHP)

Examines the roles of demographic composition, education, and industrial mix in explaining metro-nonmetropolitan differences in underemployment. Documents higher prevalence of "discouraged workers," unemployment, and underemployment in nonmetropolitan areas. Shows educational composition is single most important component accounting for…

Four-year panel survey data were used to examine the effects of well-being on school-to-work transition of Canadian youth. Such labor market problems as unemployment and underemployment had small, significant negative effects on self-esteem, depression, and powerlessness for high school graduates but not college graduates. Effects of education…

Examination of contradictory data show that during the 1980s college graduates' earnings increased relative to those with less education. More college graduates were employed in jobs not requiring degrees; employers had sufficient numbers to fill jobs requiring degrees. Economic restructuring rather than a shortage of college graduates appears to…

Analyzes the results of the first countrywide survey of the informal learning practices of adults in Canada, conducted in 1998. The survey found respondents to be devoting unprecedented amounts of time to learning activities, including an average of 15 hours per week in informal learning projects. Implications for policy and program initiatives…

Studies the hypothesis that black youth delinquency is a rational response to present and future situations of intergenerational unemployment, underemployment, low-paying, and low-status occupations. Research from 57 New York state counties with high rates of black juvenile unemployment and other low-income variables compared to arrest rates…

Unemployment rates vary considerably across nonmetro counties, where adjusted average annual unemployment rate was 12.2% in 1984 compared with 10.4% in metro areas. Differences in unemployment rates among nonmetro areas can be explained in part according to their dependence on agriculture, mining, manufacturing, or other single sources of income.…