This study of 36 backward readers (mean age=111 months) from the Netherlands determined that repeated reading-while-listening of the same text did not lead to better results (except in reading speed) than reading different texts, and asking readers to detect mismatches between written and spoken texts did not improve performance. (Author/JDD)

A study involving 1,123 children investigated the relationship between naming speed and phonological awareness skills and the implications for the classification of children at risk of reading disability. Results found a positive correlation between naming speed and phonological awareness and indicate this relationship will affect any comparison…

The effects of three conditions (no model, a teacher-presented reading model, and a computer-presented reading model) on the reading of four students with emotional or behavioral disorders, found the teacher model resulted in the greatest number of words read correctly per minute and the greatest percentage of words read correctly. (Contains…

Two classroom-based experiments investigated automatization of lexical access in a second language (L2) with a computer-based training, involving a Grade 8 population in the Netherlands, with Dutch first language (L1) and intermediate knowledge of L2 English. Results of the first experiment showed that the students' lexical access was faster and…

Reading has been an extensively studied topic in the Western hemisphere for several decades, and an enormous amount of empirical data has accumulated on various aspects of reading alphabetic writing systems like English. Of late, there has been some interest in the processing of non-alphabetic scripts. However, there is hardly any empirical…

Anticipating a possible future method of newspaper design (including multimedia content) and delivery, a study examined the interface among people, modality (paper, computer, multimedia), and three types of news story (news, sports, entertainment). The "primacy of print" theory (which predicts that information will be recalled better…

Two longitudinal studies examined a "double deficit" hypothesis of reading disorders that contends that along with a core phonological deficit, slow speed of lexical access disrupts the efficient formation of orthographic representations and their quick retrieval. In the first study, 38 children from 6 classrooms in a predominantly white, middle…

This research disproves the hypothesis that less-skilled comprehenders are less able to take advantage of constraints at all levels of structure. Five studies used self-paced reading, meaning probe judgment, recall, and sentence and word recognition tasks to examine the effect of supportive discourse contexts on sentence processing in skilled and…

To determine whether the impressive rates for speed reading (e.g., 500 words per minute) can be approximated in speed listening, two experiments compared the comprehension level of material heard at a normal speaking rate with that heard at accelerated rates. In the first experiment, the major demonstration experiment, three groups of college…

A study investigated the effect of repeated readings of the same connected text on students' attitude toward reading and their reading fluency, determined by accuracy and speed. Forty-two subjects (25 second-grade and 17 third-grade students) from 2 self-contained classrooms in rural Ohio participated in the study. The pretest-posttest control…

College students in a reading rate improvement course participated in a study (1) to determine the effects of text displayed on the computer screen as opposed to the printed page and (2) to see if computerized speed reading programs changed student attitudes toward reading efficiency exercises. Subjects, 26 students of similar reading…

Two experiments were conducted to distinguish empirically between the interactive and noninteractive models of reading. In the first study, 18 undergraduates divided into three groups by reading ability read stories in an RSVP mode. Two variables were manipulated within subjects--rate of presentation and amount of text presented per unit of time.…

This is the final report on a research project that measured the effect of reading rate on accuracy and the efficiency of reading comprehension. At the outset of the project, existing research data were integrated into a comprehensive account called a "rauding theory," which interrelates reading ability, passage difficulty, reading time,…

Relationships among grade point averages and reading test scores were sought in an effort to learn whether successful students are characterized by good vocabularies, understanding, and rapid reading. Seniors within a few weeks of graduation and obtaining their elementary teaching certificates were given the Nelson-Denny Reading Test. Pearson's…

Sixty undergraduates were given one of five programmed mathematics texts. The texts were either completely programmed, programmed only for definitions, programmed only for calculations, programmed only for conceptual information, or not programmed at all. Time spent reading each section of the eight-unit text was recorded and a 24-question…