Over 100 women immigrants were interviewed in the United Kingdom, Denmark, Czech Republic, and Germany. Two-thirds had participated in higher education in their home countries, one-third had degrees, some had owned businesses, and over half had good English skills. Despite their qualifications, only five were currently not underemployed. (SK)

An analysis of 1980 census data reveals that immigrants tend to substitute for some labor market groups and complement others. The effects of immigrant supply on the earnings of native-born men is small. However, increases in the immigrant supply have a sizeable impact on the earnings of immigrants themselves. (Author/CH)

Investigates factors contributing to the growth of part-time employment in Australia, specifically (1) the growth of the service sector, and (2) the possibility that the supply of part-time workers has increased due to the scarcity of full-time employment opportunities. (JOW)

In an attempt to raise China's international competitiveness, the government instituted a series of sweeping reforms to expand rapidly the number of higher education places. Rapid growth, however, gave rise to a new set of problems, namely, a scarcity of resources, poor educational quality and underemployment of Chinese university graduates. In…

Examined effects of geographic mobility on changes in underemployment among married and single women. Results reinforce findings from previous studies by showing that migration contributed to labor force nonparticipation and unemployment among married women. Migration was also linked to involuntary part-time employment and low pay, and negatively…

Conducted exploratory study of male college graduates who experienced underemployment to discover significant events occurring during this experience and the feelings attached to those events. Interviews with 15 underemployed college graduates revealed 318 critical events which could be classified into 29 categories. Developed graphic illustration…

Prior to 1986, economic conditions had resulted in substantial unemployment, layoffs, and reduced work time, and had produced underemployment and income reductions for families. Debilitating outcomes in such a situation are likely to depend upon a volatile blend of marital and personal qualities between spouses. Given the arguments regarding the…

Reports on a study indicating that most able-bodied heads of poor households demonstrate labor force attachment, but their employment tends to be intermittent, low-paying, or both. (Author/CH)

In a survey of 203 business graduates, 75 were considered underemployed. The latter group reported significantly fewer opportunities to use their skills, lower intrinsic satisfaction, and less extrinsic career success. (Contains 27 references.) (SK)

Analysis of a cross-sectional sample of 11,597 Spanish workers found that overeducated (underemployed) workers have less experience, decreased on-the-job training, and higher turnover. Although job match improved with age and mobility, this effect leveled off after age 35. (SK)

Employed women (n=198) completed the General Aptitude Test Battery and Minnesota Ability Estimation Questionnaire. They were significantly more likely to underestimate their general learning, verbal, and spatial ability; form perception; and motor coordination. This tendency was related to the realism of their occupational choice. (SK)

Analysis of British national data sets shows that, although women's representation in the sciences increased, occupational outcomes differ for men and women. Women are much more likely to be underemployed and are overrepresented in teaching. Labor-market policies, as well as education policies, need attention. (Author/JOW)

Data from Canada's New Approaches to Lifelong Learning Study confirm the pervasiveness of unpaid work and informal learning. Most employed persons engage in a variety of work-related informal learning activities. However, underemployment in terms of use of acquired skills is widespread. (Contains 29 references.) (SK)

The accepted assumption among researchers is that control has trait-like features; under controlled conditions, individuals experience a sense of control by interacting with the environment, experiencing personal influence and evaluating perceived outcomes (Rotter, 1966 and Bandura, 1974). It seems reasonable, therefore, to examine the sense of…

Examined how ten rural married couples adjusted to income loss. Husbands had been unemployed and were working for reduced wage at time of study. Interviews revealed five features of underemployment: interpretation of the situation, personal resources, health and stress, marital relationship, and family and social support. All but personal…