Research supports the notion that substitute teachers generally are ineffective. This study examines whether trained substitutes can be as effective as assigned teachers in teaching students with behavior disorders. Findings showed that substitutes with intensive inservice training in behavior management were equally effective for one-day…

This research verifies complaints of substitute teachers that their work is dreary and unfulfilling. To improve this situation substitute teachers must be accepted by students and school personnel as full-fledged teachers with legitimate authority, rights, and responsibilities. Assigning them to specific subjects and grades will help them to…

Investigated the availability of qualified substitute teachers in Ohio and the impact of a shortage on school improvement efforts. Surveys of district superintendents indicated a shortage of qualified substitute teachers related to district policy and procedures and increasing professional development demands for regular teachers. This shortage…

Directors of student teaching programs in 38 states, as well as student teachers and supervising teachers at Texas A and M University were surveyed on the use of student teachers as substitutes. The findings showed that the use of student teachers as substitutes is widespread, difficult to control, and, as seen by directors, a source of abuse of…

This report examines policies and procedures in the use of substitute teachers. A total of 488 school systems in 49 states responded to a survey that included items on substitute program organization; application, selection, evaluation, and dismissal procedures; absence policies for regular teachers; size and costs of substitute teacher forces;…

This report provides statistics on employment, evaluation, and training practices and procedures of American public school substitute teachers. A questionnaire was mailed to the directors of substitute teachers in 401 randomly selected school districts. Usable information was returned by 259 school systems (64.6 percent) in 49 states and the…

Reports the findings of a survey that identified the following eight categories of professional needs of substitute teachers: discipline, classroom plans and procedures, knowledge of programs, learner differences, organizing/managing learning experiences, professional role, and school rules/regulations. (HOD)

Fifteen rural school superintendents surveyed in Nevada believed that raising licensing requirements would only exacerbate problems in recruiting qualified substitute teachers. They also noted that rural school districts do little to recruit substitute teachers beyond newspaper advertisements. Offers suggestions for improving recruitment while…

Addresses the issue of substitute teacher shortages in Ohio schools. Describes three studies conducted to determine the availability of substitute teachers and the impact of shortages. Poses solutions, including hiring more permanent substitutes, rescheduling teacher meetings to work around substitute availability, and increasing substitute…

A description is given of a cooperative teacher education program formed between a university and the public schools to provide substitute teaching service to the schools while the teacher-training programs at the university would be re-modeled to include substitute teaching as a training component. Graduate students who have completed a…

Pertinent information concerning the prospects that are available in substitute teaching is presented. The first section deals with the factors contributing to the problem areas within on-call substitute teaching programs. The second section studies possible changes within these problem areas. In each of these sections, the roles and attitudes of…

This paper reports the result of a three-year research project that implemented the idea of university professors as volunteers to provide released time for public school inservice teachers. It reviews the conception of the idea and gives a detailed account of an actual experiment involving a group of professors and a local high school. The…

Examines policies and procedures concerning substitute teachers in public schools in the 19-state area encompassed by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. (MH)

Responses of 259 school districts to a questionnaire about special education substitute teachers indicated that regional differences affected policies regarding degree and certification, consideration for full-time employment, and pay; while evaluation, training, selection, removal, and fringe benefit practices were consistent across the nation.…

This report details the work done in two New Jersey school districts to reduce the frequency and magnitude of professional illness absence. It deals with the circumstances of this improvement as well as with the philosophy and the new methods and procedures adopted and followed. The history of the state sick leave policy is traced from 1895 to the…