Although the events associated with divorce can have negative effects on children who are involved, child maladjustment is not the inevitable consequence of divorce. To investigate the factors which may account for observed variation in children's response to divorce, 46 elementary school children (22 boys, 24 girls), residing with their mothers,…

An investigation was conducted to assess parental and family characteristics of boys who displayed competence when exposed to a set of stressful circumstances expected to impair and/or retard their development. Participating children and families were involved in the University of Rochester Child and Family Study, a prospective developmental…

This study sought to find a way to help children from educationally disadvantaged families to improve their cognitive and language abilities and thus improve their achievement in school. Specifically the study investigated the effectiveness of guided experiences with clay in promoting cognitive, affective, and language growth of educationally…

An introductory overview is presented of current Finnish and American research into secondary school teaching as both a moral and technical endeavor. The described research study sought a comprehensive view of what happens in a student teacher's professional development during teacher education. The following problems were researched: (1) what…

This work explores whether a "psychological price" is indicated in the affective domain of the weaker student in abilty-mixed settings; whether this price differs for various dimensions of this domain; and whether it is related to academic achievement. Existing research in the fields of ability grouping, streaming, curriculum tracking,…

A 135-item survey was administered to 279 students enrolled in tertiary distance education programs in Queensland, Australia. The study was intended to identify (1) factors that are highly predictive of positive and independent learning growth and (2) strategies that students and educators can adopt to help students achieve a high level of…

This study delineates the relationships between social background, classroom experience, and academic abilities. Classroom experience is mainly judged in terms of students' affective dispositions. The objective is to clarify how these dispositions are shaped by the personal and situational factors in a child's social background, and then how they,…

A study was done (1) to derive a revised set of attribute-requirement weights for the 622 work elements (descriptions of work activities and conditions) contained in the job-rating instrument, the Occupation Analysis Inventory (OAI), on the 103 human attributes descriptions (cognitive, psychomotor, and affective) in the Attribute Requirement…

A questionnaire survey of 1,812 elementary and secondary teachers sought to determine the effects of principals' leadership behavior on teachers' job satisfaction, satisfaction with supervision, and participation in decision-making. Two dimensions of leadership behavior were studied: consideration, or supportive and expressive behavior; and…

The data analysis and findings of the first panel study of adolescents and pre-adolescents in Canada are described. This longitudinal study was designed to (1) gather data on television viewing of heroes and heroines in series in the home environment; (2) analyze verbal responses about television programs to determine values perceived and the…

Sex differences in children's physical activity levels, and associations between girls' activity level, childrearing characteristics and parent-child play behavior were investigated in a quasi-naturalistic situation. As part of a longitudinal project, 144 third grade children were videotaped in a 1-hour play session with one of their parents. A…

The influence of the Doctor Fox effect on student ratings on instruction was examined. The idea for the Doctor Fox effect stemmed from the work of Erving Goffman and his notion that expressive behavior may influence an audience as much or more than substance when there is little time or reason for the audience to evaluate the presentation (1950).…

A description is given of a model designed to assess teachers' concerns and personal doubts as they participate in programs to implement educational innovations. The model is intended to be used diagnostically in order that those responsible for inservice programs can provide appropriate support for individual teachers engaged in a change effort.…

Research is reviewed on high success (low error rate) during instructional tasks in relationship to learning outcomes; alternative interpretations of the relationship are considered; and alternative strategies for controlling success during remedial reading instructional tasks are discussed. A simple procedure is described for the analysis of…

Two studies, conducted at the University of Washington and 30 large research-oriented institutions, examined the issue of performance of college and university administrators. In the first study, operational dissonance among the three levels of academic administrators were examined. Based on the role prescriptions and job functions of…