Ethnographic study describes the professional development of seven unlicensed or nonqualified teachers involved in a community teacher education project in two informal settlement community schools near Johannesburg, South Africa. Data from observations and interviews highlight the teachers' initiative in pursuing their own professional…

This publication reviews staff development in higher education as a key to reversing the deterioration of universities in developing nations and to fostering self-reliance and attaining institutional ideals. Part 1 describes the crisis in higher education in developing nations and considers expansion, supply of academic faculty, localization of…

The participatory rural appraisal (PRA) technique was used with 1,550 women and 420 men in more than 100 villages in Uganda, El Salvador, and Bangladesh over a 2-year period to develop and pilot test an approach to literacy education called REFLECT (Regenerated Freirean Literacy through Empowering Community Techniques). The REFLECT approach, which…

This document summarizes and presents materials produced during a qualitative international study of the role of transformative learning in achieving sustainable societies and global responsibility that included the following activities: case studies of experiences with transformative learning in seven countries; international survey and workshop;…

This collection of 17 essays focuses on trends and issues in higher education from an international perspective. It includes: (1) "Introduction" (Zaghloul Morsy); (2) "The Idea of the University: Changing Roles, Current Crisis, and Future Challenges" (Torsten Husen); (3) "Patterns in Higher Education Development: Towards…

Nepal is one of the poorest countries in the world. In 1981 the Education for Rural Development in Seti Zone Project--more commonly known as the "Seti Project"--was part of the Nepalese government's effort to develop a system of basic education in that far western region of Nepal. The early success of the project provided the impetus for…

Founded by Don Bosco in 1859 in Turin, Italy, the Salesian Society helps disadvantaged youth in over 100 countries, according to 1991 data. Salesians operate technical training institutes and run numerous informal shops and training courses within their schools, orphanages, street children shelters, and youth centers. The institutes are financed…

The role of women in India has undergone several changes over many years. Today women are emerging as self-reliant persons with equal status in all spheres of society, but they are still mostly employed in low-paid, low-skilled and low-status jobs. The emerging trends in technology indicate a greater need for the employment of many women,…

This study seeks to identify classes of characteristics cited by education students (N=54) at the University of Botswana as contributing to the perceived effectiveness or ineffectiveness of their own primary school teachers. Respondents provided demographic information about themselves and the identified teachers, and they rank-ordered 14…

Today, nearly 1 billion adults are totally illiterate; the large majority are women. Varying and vague definitions of literacy abound in the literature and in practice. Literacy is only a potential tool that can be used for a variety of economic, social, political, and cultural purposes. Three principal state objectives for launching literacy…

Distance education is the only prospect of bringing further educational opportunities within the grasp of most adults in Guyana. Some factors that make distance education desirable, such as the infrastructure and present economic problems, militate against its provision. Many of the best educated personnel in all sectors have emigrated; the loss…

From 1960 to 1980, school enrollment and educational expenditures in developing countries experienced significant expansion. By the late 1980s, however, this trend had slowed. This report examines the impact of education upon welfare and productivity. A unified global data set is used to address the question from a macroeconomic, gender-specific,…

This report explores the theory and practice of coordinated health and human resources development as a concept that can help guard against the production of inappropriate categories or numbers of health personnel. The report concentrates of what can be done to make education and training programs more directly responsive to the priority needs in…

A study analyzed how the oil industry in Cameroon developed and influenced the expansion, structure, and content of Cameroon's formal and nonformal education and training system. A survey of 213 employees and 8 enterprises was supplemented by a review of government reports and official published and unpublished documents. The economy of Cameroon…

Spurred in part by the apparent contradiction between recent data on the magnitude of autonomous female migration and the lack of acknowledgment of that data in recent literature, a 1979 study attempted to define women migrants in 46 Third World Countries in terms of age, marital status, socioeconomic status, factors motivating migration, and…