Providing several examples of current research efforts, this report describes the research on maternal and child health supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). The Institute conducts a coordinated program of research and research training to advance knowledge related to pregnancy and maternal health,…

Some central issues in discussions of creative processes in science are: (1) the mechanism(s) by which hypothesis formation takes place; (2) the sources of new knowledge during hypothesis formation; and (3) the "Eureka" versus steady accumulation (accretion) issue concerning the pace of change during hypothesis formation. This paper…

Presented is a case study of several scientific communities which used a computerized conferencing system (Electronic Information Exchange System--EIES) for a period of two years to enhance their communications and carry out cooperative tasks. Though it focuses on one particular system, it was designed to yield some data that make possible direct…

This publication is the result of a study commissioned by the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) to design a manpower information system as indicated by the title. This study is designed to help ERDA (now the Department of Energy) meet its responsibility of helping to assure an adequate supply of manpower for the accomplishment…

This paper argues that if researchers studying a recognized category of behavior, such as fantasy play or aggression, were to focus on prototypical instances of the behavior, there should be high inter-researcher agreement of just the sort that operational definitions were intended to secure. A study of fantasy play was conducted using a paradigm…

A study was conducted to determine the proportion of young doctoral faculty (i.e., received the Ph.D. within the past seven years), the extent of their activity in seeking research support, and the possible reasons for any slackening in their search for support in recent years. Trends based on earlier surveys on the same topic are analyzed.…

Various research studies concerned with the feedback from proprioceptors which accompany movement and the way in which this information is relevant to the control of activity are brought together in this volume. It is intended for the use of those who have some basic knowledge of human anatomy and physiology as well as an acquaintance with…

This study describes an empirical evaluation and comparison of two federally funded programs designed to foster Industry-University (I-U) cooperation. Results indicate that participants in I-U Projects perceive applied objectives like patent development as the most important goal of their collaboration, whereas I-U Centers promote a more basic…

Presents two methods used to measure the refractive indices and double-refraction of fibers. Experiments are described, with one involving the use of Pluta microscope in the double-beam interference technique, the other employing the multiple-beam technique. Immersion liquids are discussed that can be used in the experiments. (TW)

Measures extent of coverage of Australian research and journal titles in 34 international databases: 17 in the area of science and technology and 17 in the social science and humanities. A comparison of American and British terms and grammar is included. Illustrative material is provided. (EJS)

This investigation of the role of information specialists as active team members in an academic scientific research setting indicates that the information specialist was accepted as a team member. Scientists made extensive use of information services, reported changes in information habits, and gave the service a positive evaluation. Five sources…

A sexual dimorphism in the functional asymmetry of the damaged human brain is reflected in a test-specific laterality effect in male patients, explaining some contradictions concerning the effects of unilateral brain damage on intelligence in studies in which the influence of sex was overlooked. (Author/SK)

Assesses the sensory and cognitive functions in a right-handed male before and after partial and complete callosal commissurotomy. (Author/SK)

Reviews general developments in computerization and data processing of organic elemental analyses; carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen analyzers; procedures for determining oxygen, sulfur, and halogens, as well as other nometallic elements and organometallics. Selected papers on trace analysis of nonmetals and determination of metallic elements are…

Presents a study of student teachers' views on the value of undertaking small-scale research as part of an initial teacher education program. Results indicate that students valued and benefited from the opportunity to do research. (DDR)