Examined is the performance of men and women undergraduate students in mathematics using multiple-choice, relationship analysis, and true/false questions. Sex differences were reported. Implications of this research are suggested. (Author/YP)

Investigated was the use of cognitive conflict to probe the misconceptions held by preservice elementary teachers that in a division problem the quotient must be less than the dividend. Explains how preservice teachers' reliance on information about the domain of whole numbers and their instrumental understanding support their misconceptions.…

Analyzed were 19 preservice teachers' understanding of division in 3 contexts. The teachers' knowledge was generally fragmented, and each case of division was held as a separate bit of knowledge. (Author/YP)

Investigates the relationship between the strategies used by preservice elementary teachers in geometric problem solving and two primary mental abilities--spatial visualization and formal reasoning. Reports that the two abilities were related to problem-solving performance, and the strategies used were related to achievement in the geometry…

Reports on mathematics myths held by a group of preservice elementary school teachers. Describes some math myths surveyed. Discusses ways to change beliefs about mathematics and issues related to beliefs. (YP)

The relationships among intelligence, field dependence, sex role, and mathematics background and achievement were examined in a study involving 287 college students. Number of math courses taken and intelligence were the best predictors of math achievement, although other variables also influenced achievement. (TJH)

Presents perspectives from students and teachers about project work in mathematics. Presents a theoretical framework consisting of problem-centered studies, interdisciplinarity, participant-directed studies, and the exemplarity principle. Contrasts theoretical conceptions with practice. (MKR)

Effects of undergraduate training on inductive reasoning and logic were examined. Social science training produced significant effects on statistical and methodological reasoning. Natural science and humanities training produced significant effects on conditional logic reasoning. Results indicate that reasoning is taught and generalizable. (BC)

Analyzes data on math performance in three developmental courses using chi-square analysis. Finds that enrollment patterns in math courses were related to ethnicity and age but not gender. Relationships were found between pass-fail frequencies and gender, age, and ethnicity, and between grades and ethnicity in two of the three developmental…

Mathematics is usually seen as a field in which there is value-free. Such a situation causes only a few studies about values teaching to be done in mathematics education. But, mathematics is a field that has various values in it, and that must be considered seriously from this perspective. Values are taught implicitly rather than explicitly in…

In Fall 1994, the San Diego Community College District (SDCCD), in California, conducted a study to determine the validity of the Mathematics Diagnostic Testing Project (MDTP) placement test. The MDTP provides tests at four levels (i.e., algebra readiness, elementary algebra, intermediate algebra, and pre-calculus) and is used in the District for…

This is a one-semester case study of the perceptions of five preservice teachers and their mathematics professor as participants in a reform-style mathematics classroom under the Maryland Collaborative for Teacher Preparation (MCTP) program. Researchers interviewed the professor and the teacher candidates throughout the semester, gathering data to…

Research has often found little or no significant differences in overall performance for math students using graphing calculators compared to traditional (non-calculator) classes. However, when performance is divided into procedural and conceptual levels, significant differences appear at the conceptual level. This study investigates the relation…

A study was done to foster interest in Supplemental Instruction (SI), an instructional intervention which helps students develop study skills relevant to a particular course, and to investigate the effects of participation in an SI program for a first semester, college level mathematics course in business calculus. The course had a consistent…

The availability of relatively inexpensive hand calculators and microcomputers is believed to be having an important effect on the teaching of mathematics and science in the United States. The appropriateness of allowing the use of this technology on standardized tests has become a concern of educators and organizations involved in testing.…