Examined demographic characteristics of 119 mothers participating in a government work incentive program, and identified characteristics predicting successful employment. Total past employment and total months on longest job were associated with becoming employed, suggesting that programs designed to increase work experience may be valuable as…

Although most of the substantial increase in states' child care spending between 1997 and 1999 is expended through child care subsidy programs or by contracts with child care resource and referral agencies, little research has focused on how the child care subsidy program operates, who is served, and what services are offered. This report is one…

The 1996 welfare reform law restricted immigrants' eligibility for public assistance, although many states have at least partially restored their eligibility. However, about three-fourths of the children of non-citizen immigrants were born in the United States and are therefore eligible for all government benefits. This brief examines whether…

States with family cap public assistance policies deny or reduce additional welfare benefits to mothers who conceive and give birth to additional children while they are receiving aid. By 1999, 22 states had family cap policies in place. This paper reports estimates of the number and cost implications of infants conceived by mothers receiving…

Female welfare recipients (n=144) and one child of each were interviewed. High levels of human and psychological capital and lower levels of family social ecology barriers predicted more maternal paid employment and psychological well-being. Analyses of nearly 1,200 welfare mothers' archival records correlated low initial capital with greater…

Used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine relationship between welfare and teenage out-of-wedlock childbearing in the 1979-84 period. The results indicated a relationship between welfare policy and out-of-wedlock childbearing for White and Black, but not for Hispanic, adolescents, although the evidence was not strong…

The costs for housing inmates were extrapolated from a survey of inmates and recidivists and from 1990 Alabama census data on family size and income and welfare recipients. Incarceration appeared to have hidden costs, and correctional education seemed the best known solution for reducing recidivism and decreasing the size of the prison population.…

According to data on 212 mothers aged 15 to 21, receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children or Women, Infants, Children assistance; living with parents; and expenditure per student in the state positively influenced teen mothers' education. Food stamps were negatively associated with educational attainment. (SK)

This study builds on research that examines the effects of microenterprise on poor women in the United States. Household income, income from the business, and poverty status were examined over time and comparisons were drawn among three groups of women: low-income women who participated in one of seven U.S. microenterprise assistance programs;…

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 instituted a compulsory work mandate for welfare recipients. However, recipients who experience difficulties finding employment may increase their involvement in criminal activities and their frequency of substance use as a means to deal with changes precipitated…

Little guidance exists about how to tailor empowerment and resistance sexual assault programming to be responsive to varying groups of women. Using an investigation of 415 college women who completed a self-administered survey about a range of sexually aggressive experiences by a known male assailant, this investigation tested for distinct…

The promotion of marriage and two-parent families as a strategy to reduce welfare dependency continues to be a major public policy goal of the 1996 welfare reform. Based on the assumption that women will marry employed men and that their earnings will lift poor mothers and their children from public dependency, this objective raises important…

This paper considers the earnings of refugees and their utilization of financial assistance programs, including Food Stamps and several cash assistance programs. The first section provides a summary of available data on refugee earnings, emphasizing the 1975 cohort of Indochinese refugees, on whom substantial information is available; data on…

This briefing report provides information on recent trends in: (1) the number of households applying for food stamp benefits; (2) the number of households participating in the Food Stamp Program; and (3) the percentage of households whose food stamps were improperly denied or terminated. The data were reported by the 50 U.S. states, the District…

Investigated incidence of, and factors associated with, marriage and separation/divorce in welfare recipients. Race significantly affected probability of marriage; young child in the household and wife's employment status correlated with marital dissolution. Changes in welfare benefits, number of public assistance programs received, and length of…