Charted internalization of therapeutic relationships of 48 clients in short-term psychotherapy at 2 university counseling centers. Clients reported perceptions of counselor's actions and attitudes, own actions and attitudes toward counselors, and intrapsychic dispositions. Results suggest that clients internalized dispositions that they perceived…

Increasing numbers of counsellors practise using social constructionist (e.g. narrative, collaborative language systems and solution-focused) approaches. Social constructionist theory holds that matters such as "understanding" are constructed and upheld in human interaction though counselling approaches derived from this theory offer…

The authors present a qualitative analysis of a process by which a research team of counselors-in-training confronted their heterosexist biases while investigating heterosexual attitudes toward sexual minorities. Members of the research team discovered that it was essential to reflect on and evaluate their attitudes, assumptions, and biases before…

Approximately one million children are victims of maltreatment are assessed and placed in the child welfare system. The purpose of the current study was to identify caseworker perceptions of (a) reasons for youth removal from a home environment and (b) the parameters of intolerable problem categories that prompt such decisions. Four categories of…

This study investigated possible reasons for the observed imbalance in the level of employment of African Americans in vocational rehabilitation (VR) services for persons with visual impairments in Alabama and Mississippi. A survey instrument was developed and administered to 126 administrators, professional service providers, and secretaries…

The effects of divorce on children have been greatly disputed among therapists. Since the perceived harmfulness of divorce may affect how marital counseling is done, this study examined how therapists' beliefs about divorce consequences are related to their intervention preferences. A two-part questionnaire was devised to be administered to…

To test a previous study on therapist bias and to investigate whether gender-role stereotypes continue to influence judgments of mental health workers, 55 Master's-level counselors-in-training, from 2 different programs, were administered questionnaires. Each item in the questionnaire was rated on a seven-point scale, with one pole being typically…

The aim of this study was to consider the extent to which guidance provision in secondary schools in Scotland met the guidance needs of pupils and their parents. The approach taken was to focus on experiences and perceptions of both consumers and providers of guidance, to relate their views to guidance processes, and to judge the situation in…

This study assessed the influence of gender and sex-role orientation on counselor effectiveness. Participants (56 female, 24 male) consisted of advanced level Master's degree counselor trainees and their clients. The counselors' sex orientation was based on their responses on the Personal Attributes Questionnaire. Sex orientation was divided into…

Principals, teachers, and counselors in 15 Indiana high schools were interviewed to determine what procedures they believed were required in various disciplinary actions, and what authority they believed had sanctioned these procedures. The interviewees came from small, medium, and large schools in rural and urban settings. Nearly 71 percent of…

The induction of counselors to the profession is given as little attention in the literature as it is in schools. The importance of induction cannot be stressed enough for counselors, but education is one of the few professions in this society which expects new members to assume the responsibilities of experienced members. A study was conducted to…

Most research on premature termination from therapy has focused on client attitudes. This study examined therapists' attitudes toward their own behavior and toward their clients at intake in relation to premature termination. Premature termination was studied after different numbers of sessions to determine the relationship of therapist attitudes…

Efforts to enhance the effectiveness of cross-cultural interventions have emphasized the need for counselors to assess their own as well as their client's cultural value systems. To assess cultural world views, the Cultural Attitudes Repertory Technique (CART), which examines the content and structure of an individual's personal system of cultural…

Jefferson County School District, the largest school district in Colorado, commissioned a study to examine the type and extent of mental health needs of elementary school children, the impact of these needs, and appropriate recommendations for the district. Elementary schools were ranked according to estimated socioeconomic status of the students…

The counseling profession has changed emphasis over the past 20 years reflecting a movement in the field from public school to community service to private business. Consequently there has also been a change in the profile of counselor trainees. Data from students (N=238) having attended the counselor training graduate programs at Indiana…