The Occupational Schedule (OASIS-IS) was administered to 117 visually handicapped eighth to twelfth graders. As a group they showed positive though relatively undifferentiated occupational interests. Compared to normally sighted peers, Ss showed a preference for repetitive factory work. Findings suggested a broader outlook for occupational choices…

Undertakes a survey of the superstitious and pseudo-scientific beliefs of secondary students with some follow-up interviews. Finds gender differences at all ages with females generally less skeptical than males. Also, many school students were very gullible and this should be of concern to science educators. (Author/SAH)

Longitudinal studies of test wiseness (TW) were conducted to determine: (1) the relationship between TW and grade level, (2) the relationship between TW and sex, and (3) the stability of TW. Aspects of TW observed included stem cue and specific determiner identification and usage and the elimination of similar and absurd options. Subjects were…

Examined sensitivity to an imaginary audience, shyness, group dependence, and self-concept in 328 adolescents. Found that ninth-graders were higher in group dependence and were more sensitive to an imaginary audience than either seventh or eleventh graders. Subjects highly sensitive to imaginary audiences projected shyness, which increased with…

Addressed the need to provide normative and psychometric data for the FIRO-BC questionnaire. Reported are the means, standard deviations, test-retest reliability coefficients, and interscale correlation coefficients. Data are reported separately for boys and girls (N=282). In addition, techniques of FIRO-BC data analyses are reviewed and…

Of 331 children (aged 6-18) with profound hearing impairment, 96 were found to have tinnitus. More females than males reported tinnitus. Most of the children with tinnitus were bothered to some degree by it and indicated that the noises adversely affected their ability to hear voices. (JDD)

The development of a caring value orientation was investigated in four age groups: grades 6, 8, 10, and 12. Subjects (N=1,247) completed a questionnaire designed to measure preference for more caring personal values. Findings are discussed in terms of theories that hypothesize gender differences in world view. (Author/EMK)

A study of 6,282 primary and secondary students in Malta found that one in three were involved in bullying either as victim or perpetrator. Most bullying takes place on the playground and in the classroom. There were gender differences in the occurrence and types of bullying. (SK)

Studied the work and lives of 20 experienced female teachers in relation to gender order in school and society. Presented results as six themes that show that the female teacher is in a contradictory situation with respect to positional authority. Gender regimes in schools appear to follow the same patterns as society as a whole, and women…

Investigated individual characteristics and peer influences related to adolescents' sexual behavior, considering gender and sexual experience. Students reported on intentions to engage in sexual activity and use condoms in the next year, amount of pressure to engage in sexual activity, and perceptions about the number of their peers engaging in…

Analysis of questionnaires given to (n=100) secondary school teachers shows that differences in home computing use influence gender differences in computing use at school. It appeared that men continue to dominate the use of computers in all areas, whereas women have less time and opportunity to cultivate their computing skills. (Author/MKR)

Investigated the role of friendship quality in adolescent boys' and girls' self-esteem. High school student surveys indicated that girls had significantly lower self-esteem than boys, and they rated their relationships as stronger, more interpersonally rewarding, and more stressful than boys. Boys rated their cross-gender best friendship as more…

Used data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey to describe gender differences in rates of tobacco use among youth worldwide. Results found little difference between the genders in cigarette smoking or use of other tobacco products. There was a high use of other tobacco products compared to cigarette smoking. Findings suggest that programs should…

The purpose of this study was to determine the prior knowledge of students regarding scientists and their work. Students' depictions of scientists in pictures were compared to their responses in agreement or disagreement to statements about scientists and their work. The 124 seventh grade students drew a picture of a scientist and told why they…

Evaluated an introductory science program based on the principles of the psychology of self-management. Data from 120 eighth graders assigned to pilot experimental and control groups suggests that self-management instruction was associated with significantly greater understanding of self-management and behavioral principles, as well as basic…