In a study to identify types of mass media consumers, a Q-type factor analysis was run on respondent exposure to 90 categories of content within seven mass media (television, radio, recordings, motion pictures, newspapers, magazines, and books). The respondents were 116 seventh graders in Waterloo, Iowa, who were asked to keep daily diaries of…

Of particular interest in this study exploring a number of questions related to multi-image presentation of information and acquisition of a concept--e.g., classifying plants--was whether redundancy (i.e., additional positive examples) and an opportunity to view nonexamples as well as examples would be helpful to seventh-grade students.…

The "Early Childhood/Teen Communications Project" conducted a pilot investigation of two grade 7-8 combination classes at a K-12 alternative school in Seattle, Washington. The students (approximately 55) were given the opportunity to work with media literacy materials over a four-week period for about 1.5 hours each day. This paper describes the…