Research generated by the professions of psychiatry and psychology reveals that African Americans are more often diagnosed with specific mental disorders (e.g., psychotic disorders) compared with European Americans. No research to date, however, has investigated whether professional counselors make differential diagnoses according to client race.…

Surveyed members of the Texas Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (N=426) regarding the utilization of marital and family therapy models in clinical work. The number and percentage of respondents using each model specified were assessed. Rankings denoting prevalence of the eight models were derived from first-choice responses. (JAC)

Delineated patterns of conceptualization and intervention of four psychotherapeutic orientations (psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, family systems, eclectic) and then determined how these patterns related to treatment plan costs. Conceptualization and intervention categories given more focus by the psychodynamic group correlated positively with…

Studied counselors' identification of seven commonly employed counselor response modes. Found that counselors tended to identify most of response modes in multifaceted manner that included high-level identities indicative of why response mode is employed and low-level identities concerned with how response mode is executed. Findings suggest that…

Reports on a survey of eclecticism and integrationism in counselors and other therapists. Results indicate that nearly 87% of counselors reported multiple orientations and approaches alongside a wide range of techniques. Findings suggest that eclecticism and integrationism are the preferred modes of approach, especially for the more experienced…

Chinese (n=152) and White (n=160) college students reviewed a counseling interview transcript and provided perceptions on counselor credibility, counselor behaviors, and utilization intent. Found whereas the proximal-distal model was supported by results obtained by Chinese sample, a variant of this model best described results for White sample.…

Examined application of professional model for practicum supervision using co-equal supervisors. Found beginning practicum students learned to use a counseling theory in practice; were rated equal to or higher on skills than a comparison group of interns, graduate students, and agency counselors; and rated the professional supervision practicum…

Recent findings suggest chemical dependency practitioners include increasing numbers of graduate degree and non-recovering professionals, resulting in diverse theoretical orientations and treatment practices. This exploratory study assessed differences among groups of practitioners (case managers, clinicians, clinical supervisors, program…

Investigated the relation between the predominant theoretical orientations of counselors (N=12) and intake interview judgments for 1,443 college students. Findings indicated that counselors who were humanistically oriented judged that their clients presented more severe educational problems and were more anxious than did counselors who were…

Reviews and clarifies counseling from an existential perspective, with emphasis on the distinction between neurotic and ontological anxiety. The existentially oriented counselor insists that clients face themselves as referents in a phenomenological context by experiencing existential "anxiety" when confronted with the pain of finitude,…

Peer reviewers (N=70) of a psychodynamic, behavioral, or eclectic theoretical orientation evaluated one of three clinical treatment reports. Psychodynamic reviewers rated patients as more disturbed and in need of psychotherapy, and they were consistently more positive in their ratings of treatment. (Author)

A study of counselors in four states showed correlations between personality characteristics and job performance. Counselors rated effective emphasized individual counseling and career work and said they closely follow a theory. They also spent more time on follow-up and consultation than ineffective counselors. (JAC)

The TFA model focuses on behavior as interaction of thoughts, feelings, and actions, and seems to be useful in understanding circumstances contributing to substance abuse. TFA's Helping Cycle, which contains six stages: (1) assessment; (2) interpretation; (3) intervention; (4) probing; (5) deliberating; and (6) closing, provides a procedure to…

Identifies similarities between multicultural counseling competencies and the basic assumptions and methodology of qualitative research. Examines how various characteristics shared by these two approaches (i.e., using appropriate strategies and skills) are addressed under aspects of qualitative research, such as selection of the research question…

Identifies and examines similarities between counselors as practitioners and as naturalistic inquirers. Argues that drawing on the recognized skills of the counselor and adapting them to research can improve both research and the practice of counseling. Discusses the values, skills, and characteristics of counselors as practitioners and as…