Studies document inequitable tobacco retailer density by neighborhood sociodemographics, but these findings may not be robust to different density measures. Policies to reduce density may be less equitable depending on how the presence of store types differs by neighborhood characteristics. We built a 2018 list of probable tobacco retailers in the…

Achieving adequate levels of physical activity (PA) is important to maintain health and prevent chronic disease. The costs of inadequate physical activity to the NHS have been estimated at over a billion pounds annually. While socio-demographic characteristics such as age, sex and ethnicity have been reported to be associated with different levels…

Presents results of a survey on housing conditions, knowledge of health hazards, use of health facilities, and health needs among Black agricultural workers in Leflore County, Mississippi. Indicates the need for health education, better medical coverage, and community involvement in health care delivery, to improve health conditions in the county.…

Reviews available statistics regarding drug and alcohol abuse among Blacks and compares these data to those for Whites. Discusses the negative effects of substance abuse on the Black community and argues that the overall poorer health status of Black Americans is due in part to discriminatory conditions. (GC)

Interviews were conducted with 237 adult blacks in the Boston area to determine their most urgent needs and the most urgent needs of blacks in general, to characterize the information flow from health services agencies, and to characterize access to and utilization of health services. The respondents ranked better economic conditions, family and…

Examined correlates and predictors of risk-taking behavior in a sample of 278 African American women to explore risk-taking related to HIV infection. Women in this sample engaged in risky behavior for HIV and other health risks, such as smoking and substance use, and risk was predicted by individual and peer-related factors. (SLD)

The morbidity and mortality rates for cancer are higher for blacks than for whites. The following three contending theories offer possible explanations for these rates: (1) the histology types among cancers of the same site are distributed differently for blacks and whites; (2) there is increased susceptibility in lower social classes, of which…

The number of elderly blacks is increasing at a substantially faster rate than either the general population or the elderly white population. Older blacks tend to have lower incomes, greater health problems, and higher incidence of widowhood than comparable whites or younger blacks. The median income of older blacks remained at only two-thirds of…

Various aspects of the relationship between minorities and malnutrition are discussed in this brief paper. Malnutrition, one of the byproducts of low economic status, is creating a crisis-proportion health problem affecting minority citizens. Malnutrition seriously affects children, older people in poverty, and chronically unemployed or…

This document comprises an analysis of the needs of immigrants of African descent to New York State in the following areas: (1) economic planning; (2) culture and the arts; (3) immigration reform and amnesty; and (4) health care. Immigrants from the Caribbean and Africa comprise rapidly growing segments of the State's population. These immigrants…

Despite considerable progress in narrowing the health gap between whites and nonwhites (including blacks, American Indians, Asian Americans) in the last 20 years, substantial differences persist. According to most indicators, nonwhites are less healthy than whites. Yet nonwhites see physicians somewhat less often and are less likely to have…

The social, economic, and health status advances experienced by Minnesota's White population have eluded significant numbers of the State's Black and Indian populations. This report contains statistical data and analyses of the health status of minorities in Minnesota. The information is meant to contribute to an intensified effort to improve the…

A research instrument was designed to obtain baseline data for a larger study on health information needs of older black adults. Two dimensions of the study are analyzed: the dissemination of health information and the influence of psychosocial issues on the behavior of older blacks. Two groups of 60 subjects each, one in Michigan and one in…

The number of poor elderly Blacks and the cost of health care are increasing. Even with Medicare there are out of pocket expenses for those who are least able to pay. Since racial bias may be a factor in triage, the best approach to reducing medical costs is prevention. (VM)

This document, which reviews the health problems of blacks in New York State, is the first volume of a study of the needs of the two million blacks in New York. The health status of blacks is examined in each of the following phases of the life cycle: (1) maternal; (2) infancy; (3) childhood; (4) adolescence; (5) adulthood; and (6) the elder…