The earnings gap between black men and white men widened from 1979-89. Black men were more likely to experience declines in regions where they were concentrated. White men's earnings rose relative to black men's in lower-paying industries. (SK)

This study explored the concept of retention as it relates to African American administrators at predominantly white institutions, focusing on professional growth factors that predominantly white institutions can target to facilitate retention of African American administrators. Motivation-Hygiene Theory was used to determine methods of retention…

Data from the 1984 Survey of Income and Program Participation showed that 62% of differences in wages offered to black and white men and 67% of differences in observed wages were not due to productivity differences. Wage discrimination reduced the relative employment rate of black men from 89% to 82% of white men's rate. (SK)

Combining prison survey and Current Population Survey data significantly reduces estimated employment rates for African Americans, young workers, and high school dropouts. Employment among young black male high school dropouts declined between 1982-1996. Labor force data that do not include incarceration statistics significantly understate…

From 1880 to 1977, the overall picture of employment in New York State has been one of reasonable stability. Within this general stability there have been great changes in sectors of employment. Agricultural employment has declined steadily and dramatically. The level of manufacturing employment has increased from 1880 to 1910 and has remained…

Computations using data from the Current Population Survey show that the separation rate of women is the same as or lower than that of men when wage rates are taken into account. For Blacks, the separation rate is lower than that for Whites, regardless of sex. (Author)

Decomposes variance in black and white male labor force participation rates across metropolitan areas into: local labor market effects, labor force structure effects, and effects from the covariation between the two. Data from the 1990 Public Use Micro Sample show difference by race and suggest that most variation results from workers with similar…

A strong increase in employment highlighted the nation's job situation in 1978. A record 59 percent of the working-age population were jobholders by the end of fourth quarter and the unemployment rate dropped to 5.8 percent. Women age 16 and over accounted for two-thirds of the growth in the civilian labor force. (BM)

The job displacement rate for blacks converged to that for whites from 1982 to 1993. Over the same period, the rate for workers in white-collar occupations, in which blacks were underrepresented, rose, and that of blue-collar workers, in which blacks were overrepresented, fell. (Author/JOW)

Occupational Changes in a Generation surveys of 1962 and 1973 were reanalyzed to discern patterns of intergenerational and intragenerational mobility of Black men. Support was found for Wilson's contention that class has superseded race as the main determinant of Black's occupational chances--particularly for men employed within the public sector.…

Many urban theorists, notably W.J. Wilson, hypothesize that rates of male joblessness in low-income, urban neighborhoods have increased since the 1960s. No comprehensive study examines this claim, and case studies that consider it do not adjust for changes in school enrollment rates and size of the old-age population. This paper tabulates male…

Studies of the relationship between employment and crime indicate that the stigma of a criminal record and the lack of preprison employment experience affect Black and White ex-offenders differently. Findings suggest racial discrimination and institutional racism are intervening factors in the failure of crime prevention strategies, particularly…

Census data from 1940-90 show that skill demands due to technological change accelerated inequality for less skilled workers, partly accounting for the slowed economic progress of black men. It is not female and immigrant labor market entrants, but increased competition from middle-skilled white men that appears to have adverse influence on black…

Analysis of economywide data found that, between 1965 and 1981, black women's occupational mobility rose relative to that of white women by 20 percent and white men by 24 percent . The pattern was thought to reflect the effects of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and affirmative action laws. (SK)

An analysis of U.S. Census data regarding race, age, education, occupation, and income of the male civilian labor force in 1960 and 1970 yields four major conclusions. (1) There have been large reductions in occupational discrimination at all ages, with the change clearest for young men. (2) The reduction of occupational discrimination is clearest…