We created an eight-week virtual exchange (VE) programme called the Virtual Culture Trip which enabled 68 students from seven countries to engage in online intercultural interaction under the guidance of educators. This study investigated participants' perceived language skill improvement and intercultural competence (IC) after the programme, the…

Professional development plays an important part in enhancing knowledge, skills and expertise for teachers, institutional leaders and educators. While studies on professional development for teachers and school principals have been abundant, little information regarding professional development at the government level has been recorded. This study…