Job uncertainty and ambiguity is a reality in many current societies, therefore, the idea of self-employment has taken a more active role, not only out of necessity, but also because it brings innovation and development to societies. In view of this situation, the following question arises: how can we strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit of our…

Since the World Education Forum in Dakar in 2000, efforts and commitments at both national and international levels have brought significant progress in education systems with a view to reducing inequity between girls and boys. Among the Global Partnership for Education (GPE) partner developing countries, the primary Gross Enrollment Rate (GER)…

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Sustainable Management Development Program (SMDP) partners with low- and middle-resource countries to develop management capacity so that effective global public health programs can be implemented and better health outcomes can be achieved. The program's impact however, was variable. Hence, there…

Despite the strong argument for investing in young children and the many types of interventions and delivery mechanisms that have been developed, knowledge on Early Childhood Development (ECD) programs' effectiveness in low-income settings remains thin. Yet a growing number of programs in developing countries contain interventions seeking to…

This report presents the results of a pilot survey on aid effectiveness indicators in the education sector carried out by the Education for All--Fast Track Initiative (EFA-FTI) Secretariat. The covers 10 FTI-endorsed countries: Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Honduras, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nicaragua, and Rwanda. All…

Critics of international news flow characteristics have charged that news is biased toward the interests of the developed world and against the developing world, thereby giving an unrepresentative image of their countries to the United States reader. A study was conducted to examine the output and presentation of reports by foreign correspondents…

A pilot project has as its goals: to investigate the use of radio for elementary mathematics instruction in underdeveloped countries, to evaluate a prototype system, to develop a methodology for producing radio instructional materials, and to foster in the host country the ability to self-sustain the project. Toward these goals the report cites…

A study examined the ideological rift reflected in two communist-oriented and one Western-oriented Nicaraguan newspapers. It was hypothesized that items in "La Prensa" would refer to the United States more favorably and more frequently than they would refer to the Soviet bloc, while items in "Barricada" and "Diario"…

This report describes the activities of the Radio Mathematics Project of the Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences (IMSSS) during the 1974-75 fiscal year. This project is funded by AID for the purposes of (1) developing and testing a cost-effective system of radio instruction in elementary mathematics for developing countries,…

A survey is presented of the scope of the program of the Agency for International Development in the field of educational assistance to certain developing countries. The survey revises and updates previous surveys completed annually since 1966. The regions of the world in which A.I.D. operates--Africa, the Near East and South Asia, Latin America,…

Increased schooling is being undertaken in developing countries to increase productivity and to affect socioeconomic characteristics such as health and family formation. A study of Nicaraguan education indicates that schooling productivity seems often to be misunderstood, resulting in considerable over- and understatements in certain aspects of…

Six papers describe use of the radio for in-school and out-of-school formal education in this first volume of working papers on how radio can and is being used for education and development. Part one on in-school education contains: a Nicaraguan project to teach mathematics to first grade children (including curriculum, materials, teacher…

Infant and child health and nutrition education messages patterned after the reach-and-frequency technique of commercial advertising were broadcast to target groups of young mothers over local radio stations in the Philippines and Nicaragua for one year without the support of more conventional education methods. The messages were developed in…

This paper explores supply and demand determinants of the amount and distribution of schooling in prerevolution Nicaragua (1977-78). Findings suggest that the difference between rural and urban areas significantly affects schooling availability, but family background also accounts for variance in schooling here and in similar societies. (TE)

Multigrade schooling is a strategy to increase the educational opportunities of children in situations where it is impractical to have one primary school teacher per grade because of the limited size of the student population. In a multigrade school, teachers manage two or more classes simultaneously. A single teacher may be responsible for all…