This chapter leverages STEM-focused Integrated Postsecondary Data System (IPEDS) data to investigate the consequences of chilly institutional climates across institutional types, with particular attention to implications for institutions and researchers. Further, we synthesize the literature, findings, and recommendations across the volume and…

We empirically investigate whether the relationship between the fraction of filled apprenticeships in a particular occupation in the past and the fraction of prospective apprentices having very early intentions to train in this occupation has an impact on the decision to change the intended choice of occupation. We use a unique dataset from…

This study examines the factors that shape calling orientations within the Indian context. Based on the narratives of 72 junior doctors and medical interns, it is found that participants identify with harbouring a calling both prior and subsequent to occupational entry. Although factors such as self-recognition of talent and sensemaking of work as…

Written in whimsical style, this article points out the value-laden nature of the "Dictionary of Occupational Titles," the premier source of occupational information. Other than legal occupations, classifies jobs that are remunerative into three categories: (1) illegal occupations (drug dealer, hitperson); (2) underground or…

The author discusses the general obstacles that athletes must overcome and the likelihood that they will break into professional sports. He discusses the financial rewards and the obstacles that professionals face when the athletic career is over. (CH)

Career maturity denotes degree of readiness to make realistic career choices. Clients below a certain threshold of readiness lack the life experiences and personal inclinations needed to make fitting occupational choices. To increase their readiness, a counselor may help these clients develop the decisional attitudes and learn the choice concepts…

Discusses the role of chance in career choice and provides some guidelines for career counselors. Suggests that counselors discuss the impact of chance during counseling sessions rather than assuming that logical, rational career planning is possible or desirable. (JAC)

Describes development and validation of model of commitment to career choices process, operationally defined by Commitment to Career Choices Scale. Defines two independent constructs pertaining to commitment process: Vocational Exploration and Commitment dimension, reflecting variations in level of commitment to career choices, and Tendency to…

Presents reprint of article which first appeared in 1952 which has made lasting contribution to field of vocational guidance. Presents theory of occupational choice and discusses three basic elements of the theory: occupational choice is a process, the process is largely irreversible, and compromise is an essential aspect of every choice. (NB)

Considers Super's explication of developmental tasks of planning, exploring, and deciding as readiness for career choices. Reviews existing means of conceptualizing and operationalizing various aspects of readiness. Describes selected elaborations and extensions of readiness construct. Presents directions for theory and research on readiness,…

Examines the evolution of decision making from a position of minor significance to one of primary importance in vocational theory, and considers the effects of this development on counseling and educational practices. (JAC)

Examines pattern of changes in human service occupations, particularly those in which women predominate. Contends occupational trends of middle- and upper-class women may have far-reaching consequences for organized social service professions. Concludes that giving up the idea that women have primary responsibility for care and nurturance in…

Notes that policy process is open to influence of scientific knowledge and that it is value-laden and can also be moved by emotional arguments. Examines this paradox and presents information on how family scientists can meet both demands. Explores field of public policy as new career option for family scientists. (Author/NB)

Presents a career decision making model for graduating students and other job seekers which focuses on the values the individual holds about the desired work setting and the actual alternatives available to the job seeker. Nine steps in the model are explained and values that may be important when selecting a job are listed. (NB)

Discusses the use of career self-efficacy theory in counseling individuals having low career-related self-efficacy. Begins by presenting diagram of Bandura's model of perceived self-efficacy and then goes on to discuss its implications for counseling. Focuses on how society may alter women's career choices and women's socialization in relation to…