There are four strategies spouses may attempt to employ in cases of conflict: authority, control, influence, and manipulation. Rates of marital dissolution are a function of the relative equality between spouses in terms of the types of conflict-resolution strategies they are able to employ. (Author)

Specific applications of early recollections (ERs) within group settings are introductory exercise, an index of social interest, a kind of guided imagery, and an aid in intensive therapy. Additional uses of ERs include vocational decision making, pictorial representations of group perceptions, and a measure of group member's personal growth.…

Proposes that expectancy measures, when adapted for use in counseling research and practice, can eliminate problems associated with the traditional use of interest inventories. Assessment of additional variables ordinarily contained in measures of work-related perceptions based on expectancy theory might alleviate shortcomings traditionally…

Examines the methods used at teacher centers for integrating educational theory and practice. (MM)

Argues that current models of group leadership fail to illuminate the relationship between leadership and group performance. Presents an alternative model of leadership based on communication competencies, which are influenced by task complexity, group climate, and role relationships. A series of heuristic propositions are offered linking…

Presents some of the concepts being developed by evolutionary thinkers to explain how animals deal with varying conditions in their environments. Discusses the environmental perspective. Explains why it involves more than predetermined behavior and that evolutionary theories now include developmental and environmental variables. (Author/JS)

Describes Canisius College's efforts to improve student retention over a seven-year period. Includes research data for freshman-to-sophomore attrition figures and graduation rates. Focuses on alliances and agreements that have created the ground for college-wide cooperation in retention. Describes nine intervention strategies implemented at…

Teacher training reform in Yugoslavia is discussed in this article. Described are changes made during the 80's, curriculum content, practical training components, conflicts among teacher educators, and problems associated with locating practice teaching sites. (IAH)

Argues that mathematical learning should be viewed as a process of active individual construction and a process of enculturation into the mathematical practices of wider society. It further argues that the sociocultural perspective theorizes the conditions for the possibility of learning, whereas constructivist perspectives focus on what students…

Discusses what Western nations could learn from Japan's educational system. Negative features include (1) rote learning; (2) standardization of materials taught; (3) government control of textbooks; and (4) an examination system that does not promote individualism. Positive features include the high value placed on education and the work ethic.…

Argues for use of eclectic career counseling model that embraces both personality and career development theories. Notes that model requires counselor to be able to move back and forth between active and directive role of career counselor and facilitative and exploratory role of personal counselor. Presents case to demonstrate model's application…

Presents demographic information about biracial persons, reviews previous models of racial identity development, discusses their shortcomings when applied to biracial persons, and presents new model of racial identity development focusing on unique aspects of the experience of biracial individual in the United States. Presents counseling…

Considers three areas with special relevance to liability and child therapy: informed consent, confidentiality, and child-abuse reporting laws. In each area, issues that may be confronted in therapy or research on therapy are discussed, and sampling of relevant laws is explored. Considers suggestions for avoiding potential liability and protecting…

Reviews research which distinguishes various points along the continuum from normal eating habits to clinically diagnosed eating disorders. Focuses on nonclinical intermediate points and proposes intervention strategies for women experiencing difficulties with weight, body image, and/or eating. Contends further research is necessary for greater…

Discusses (1) the type of relationship between educational research and teacher education most likely to produce effective teachers; (2) current models of the relationship between teacher education and educational research; and (3) necessary changes to resolve the differences between the first two issues. (SM)