Examines the credibility of inferences based on cross-group comparisons of regression coefficients using Black-White differences in the educational attainment process as an example. Shows that reanalyses of data from previous studies fail to produce consistent results even when major differences in samples, models, and methods are held constant.…

Examines how categories of race have been historically constructed and applied to science, reviewing research comparing black and white infant motor development from 1931-92; investigating how scientific studies of black motor precocity were influenced by social views on race and racial differences characteristic of the times; and suggesting that…

This article provides a critical look into national trends of the achievement gaps between Whites and Blacks and between Whites and Hispanics over the last 3 decades based on the National Assessment of Educational Progress mathematics assessments. It examines multiple facets of inequity underlying the racial and ethnic achievement gaps from 3…

Data collected by the March Current Population Survey were used to identify which groups of year-round, full-time civilian workers aged 16 and older were most likely to be at the top and bottom of the earnings ladder. Women, young workers, less-educated individuals, and Hispanics were most likely to earn less than $13,091 (1992 constant dollars),…

This report examines one subset of the 1980 U.S. Census to assess the socioeconomic status of Blacks and Hispanics relative to non-Hispanic Whites in Chicago, and to minorities in the 10 other Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) in the United States with populations greater than 2.5 million. Eight indicators of socioeconomic disparity…

This research focused on the criminal justice system's handling of offenders against children, comparing it with the processing of offenders against all victims. Data were obtained from California, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, and Virginia for offenses against children and against all victims in the areas of kidnapping, sexual assault,…

This report reviews the development and history of school guidance, which began in 1936, among the various cultural groups in the Republic of South Africa. It explains how political and economic factors influenced the nature and character of school guidance and counseling and how political structures gradually led to the fact that white education…

When the American Civil War ended, the southern aristocracy turned to sharecropping as a means for continuing its existence and for keeping former slaves in the fields. Tenant families during the economic depression of 1929 were forced to live in squalid conditions, and the natural antagonism between whites and blacks was exacerbated by the…

This report presents 20 tables of data on money income and poverty status of individuals and families in the United States in 1981, as derived from the 1982 Current Population Survey of the Bureau of the Census. The income and poverty data are shown in relation to different variables, including race/ethnicity, type of residence, geographical…

Analysis of United States government data on the status of black Americans in 1984 produces the following highlights: (1) the decline in black income; (2) the increase in black poverty; (3) continuing problems of black unemployment; and (4) the adverse affect of budget and tax policies on black income. (PS)

Affirmative action and academic policy initiatives can alter only minimally the proportion of women among holders of scientific and quantitative degrees. Women's underrepresentation in such fields stems from the educational and social expectations they face throughout their schooling and their personal lives. (GC)

Discusses why Whites, as they grow older, are increasingly likely to take their own lives while the suicide rate among Blacks and some other minority groups peaks in the 20s and then declines. (CMG)

Indicates that in diagnoses of mental disorders, Blacks are often diagnosed as schizophrenic, while Whites are more frequently diagnosed as being manic depressive, a less stigmatizing condition. Suggests that biases regarding socioeconomic status lead to misdiagnosis of Blacks. Stresses the need to consider socioeconomic and cultural factors in…

Suggests that women of African descent should name and define their unique movement "Africana Womanism" to distinguish it from limitations implicit in the notion of Black feminism. The movement advocates the rejection of all vestiges of White patriarchy and seeks to combat the triple oppressions of racism, classism, and sexism. (AF)

This article begins with a look at women employment over the years and the historical place of women entrepreneurship in today's economy. It continues by analyzing data statistically on women entrepreneurs in the United States across racial lines, with a particular focus on Hispanic women entrepreneurs. The article ends by examining the critical…