The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of bilingual education programs in Peru. The first part of the paper consists of a general discussion of Peruvian history and the problem of native language suppression under Spanish colonialism and, later, a Spanish dominant independent government. Educational policies and the…

This article examines sex equity in three instructional paradigms chosen due to the common characteristic of language. All three possess and transmit cultural content. Input, process, and outcome issues of sex equity are discussed. (MT)

Presents point-counterpoint opinions on bilingual education, regarding (1) effects on children of different language groups, (2) best methods for teaching English as a second language, (3) school's role in maintaining native language skills and culture, (4) segregation of students, (5) selection of students for programs, and (6) issues raised by…

The position is taken that the effectiveness of bilingual education programs has not been adequately researched or evaluated. The lack of appropriate critical, empirical, or longitudinal studies is attributed to several factors. (MH)

The following papers on the issue of multilingualism in second language instruction are included: (1) "Problemes linguistiques dans les societes plurilingues (Linguistic Problems in Multilingual Societies)," by Amadou-Mahtar M'Bow; (2) "Aim: Multilingualism. The Dismantling of Resistance and Prejudice," by Eva Koberski; (3)…

Discusses the growing use of ethnic mother tongues as languages of instruction in Canadian public classrooms. Reviews the development of private ethnic schools and then examines the role, varieties, and motivations of public bilingual programs. Concludes that, despite the growth of public bilingual education, private ethnic schools will not become…

Discusses (1) idealogical and administrative factors at the federal level which weakened the implementation of multiculturalism in Canada on a national basis; and (2) Prime Minister Trudeau's failure to encourage second language learning in provincial schools and other areas where educational opportunities are lacking for minority ethnic groups.…

Highlights excellent practices and precautions regarding teacher learning communities gleaned from research on diverse collegial efforts during difficult reform processes, noting that simply placing teachers in teams does not necessarily generate collegiality. The paper examines the content of professional discourse, sociocultural resources in the…

The challenge of educating the limited- or non-English-speaking (LES/NES) student is discussed in four papers: "Aspects of Bilingual Education for LES/NES Students" by Heidi Dulay and Marina Burt, "Definition and Measurement of Bilingual Students" by Edward A. De Avila and Sharon E. Duncan, "Bilingual Education for the…

In 1979, Rhode Island legislators mandated an assessment of the number of non English speaking children in the State. The resulting study was comprised of two main phases. The first, a census of non English speaking students, included (1) a teacher survey, in which every teacher listed his/her students and indicated an observed primary language…

This article surveys literature of research based on several early childhood bilingual education programs and guidelines. Common findings of each are outlined. It also includes a case study of instructional discourse in teaching language minority kindergarten children. (JL)

This article discusses the historical background of bilingual education and the directions bilingual education has taken in the United States, Canada, Britain, France, and other European countries. Findings concerning the effectiveness of bilingual programs are reported. (CFM)

A significant feature of the Bilingual Education Act of 1984 is the high level of involvement of the Hispanic and other language-minority communities in its development. In a very real sense, the legislation is an illustration of grass-roots policy development. Although the actual drafting of legislation was done in Washington, DC. (coordinated…

This paper notes the progress made in many countries towards the use of two or three languages in children's education. It is recommended that bilingual education focus on more than linguistic activities and include the study of the history and culture of all languages involved. This combination of bilingual and bicultural education aids in…

This report is one of five submitted as products of a "Study Designed to Assist Planning of Research on Significant Instructional Features in Bilingual Education Programs." The reports are intended to assist the National Institute of Education in its plans for a major new research study in bilingual education. The present report…