Despite its planned, centrally directed economy, Russia has not been able to tailor its university system to its manpower needs. Peculiarities in the Russian system, including the method for planning enrollments, stiff competition for university acceptance, and application regulations, are discussed. (JMD)

Discusses recent changes in Canada's labor market. Examines the role of "visible minorities" in the labor force. Presents a forecast of anticipated changes for visible minorities in the Canadian labor market by the year 2000. Examines possible changes in the United States' labor market and the implications on Canada. (JS)

Discusses the joint funding of scientific research by government programs, universities, and privately funded agencies. Examines who is responsible for deciding the research topics to be explored, and what influences these decisions. Presents research on child development as an example of how programs are funded. (JS)

Describes employment outlook, working conditions, and training requirements for three types of jobs: language related (teachers, interpreters, finance), working with older adults (social and health services), and working outdoors (agriculture, construction, engineering, fishing, forestry, mining, recreation). (SK)

Explains various routes to acquiring credentials without a four-year college degree: postsecondary vocational programs, junior/community colleges and technical institutes, correspondence courses, on-the-job training, and other sources. (SK)

A brief overview is provided of the Americans with Disabilities Act and its impact on U.S. colleges and universities. Examined are the employment and accessibility requirements. Definitions of key terms such as "disability, "reasonable accommodation" and "qualified" are given. It is concluded that compliance will require…

Argues that equal educational opportunity demands different approaches for children from different backgrounds. Compares three phases in family economic and social conditions to those of a nation. Discusses (1) exploitation of children's labor on the subsistence level, (2) children as investments for the family on the industrial level, and (3)…

This report is intended to give an indication of the variety of careers available to persons with interest and preparation in the mathematical sciences. Each part focuses on a particular class of professions, with necessary training as well as the character of the work and general conditions of employment described. Parts I through V deal with…

In an effort to contribute to the dialogue on the need for reform of the nation's fair housing laws and policies, this report describes and evaluates those policies and their impact. The report begins with a discussion of the Federal Government's support for a racially dual housing market prior to 1962 and moves on to describe the beginnings of a…

This Technical Committee Report on Employment begins with a discussion of trends in work and retirement, examines attitudes toward work and retirement, and describes the economic and social consequences of work. An analysis of the present situation focuses on: (1) employment barriers and opportunities; (2) cost of employment; (3) productivity and…

One of the ways in which the National Institute of Education (NIE) seeks to increase opportunities for women and minorities in the field of educational research is through the sponsorship of internships or mentorships at the college/university level. This practice was begun in response to a number of studies that showed the correlation between…

At the beginning of the twentieth century one-third of black women worked; most did agricultural or domestic work. Gradually as employment benefits increased and anti-discrimination laws were enforced, work opportunities for black women became more varied and better paying. (VM)

Discusses changes that took place in the South during the 1970s and early 1980s. Explores the distribution of benefits and negative side effects associated with rapid economic development, industrial expansion, and business growth. However, a sizeable share of the black community was untouched by the region's growth and prosperity. (PS)

Comparison of intragenerational mobility of black and white men shows the following: (1) black upward mobility is less frequent and more restricted; (2) blacks within the public sector have substantial rates of upward mobility to nonmanagerial positions; and (3) discrimination against blacks in the labor market has not disappeared. (Author/PS)

Presents a theoretical construct for understanding job discrimination and affirmative action in higher education. Focuses on three areas of concern: (1) job listings; (2) use of the terms "qualified" and "qualifications" to purge competent Black job candidates; and (3) the role of publications in tenure decisions. Outlines strategies for…