Describes assumptions that link scientific and personal theorizing. Outlines research program to refine and test such assumptions in context of counseling. Argues that research into the scientific and personal theories of researchers of counseling and personal theories of counselors and clients of counseling may answer questions about relationship…

Considers whether or not intervention and strategy are necessary components of competent therapy. Sees passive listening and expert interpretations as consequences of psychodynamic theory; active manipulation of social structure and strategic intervention into feedback as consequences of mechanical assumptions of structural and cybernetic theory;…

Notes that polytomous item response theory (IRT) models are appropriate for Likert scale and other polytomous item types. Presents polytomous IRT models, including graded response, nominal response, partial credit, and rating scale models. (Author/NB)

Describes neocognitive learning theory's major principles and assumptions, cites contemporary research evidence which supports each assumption of this perspective, distinguishes how this model of learning offers significant advance over first-generation cognitive and reciprocal social learning models of deviance, and discusses implications of…

Discusses contributions and difficulties that postmodern feminist thought has to offer for reconceptualization of social work theories and practice. Provides overview of status of feminist theory within social work literature and describes roots and explains concerns of postmodern feminism. Discusses relevance, implications, and challenges of…

Examines the relationship of intelligence to the internal and external world of the individual and to the experience of the individual. Also examines competing models and metaphors that have motivated questions about these relationships. Indicates that a theory that addressed all three areas simultaneously is the triarchic theory. (JN)

Discusses themes in theoretical development of cognitive psychotherapies since 1950s inception: differentiation of rationalist and constructivist therapies and metatheories of knowing; acknowledgment of social, biological, and embodiment processes in therapy; recognition of unconscious processes; self-organizing and self-protective processes in…

Focuses on boundaries clinicians draw between ethical and clinical responses in their work. Focuses particularly on psychodynamic practice in presenting three clinical vignettes. Vignettes highlight worker responses to one client's stealing and feelings of entitlement about it, another client's racism, and another's sexual abuse by previous…

Presents a review of behavioral, cognitive, social support, and nutritional components of comprehensive weight control programs. Includes rationale for each treatment component, description of techniques, and relevant research. Claims counselors may assess the individual needs of clients and develop effective weight control programs that match…

Integrates features of contemporary theories of rape (feminist theory, social learning theory, evolutionary theory) with information on neurohormonal variables to formulate synthesized theory of rape. Synthesized theory of rape, consisting of four propositions, proposes that people are not all equally prone toward rape and that men are much more…

Provides an update on theories of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorders and diagnostic instruments used in assessing the disorder. Describes the most effective current treatment techniques available, including behavioral group therapy, pharmacologic interventions, inpatient hospitalization, and combined treatment methods. (Author/NB)

Briefly describes three prevailing theories of rape: evolutionary theory, social learning theory, and feminist theory. Applies feminist theory of rape to practice rationale for prevention programming targeted specifically at traditional-aged college males. Support for the theory, based on results of previous studies, is presented, and implications…

Concerns knowledge and thinking of therapist who is link between theory and therapy. Based on self-analysis of single family consultation interview, theories employed and decision points are described. Suggests that therapists can espouse many theories or single ones, but are always confronted with difficult decisions. (Author/NB)

Elaborates a theory of tension reduction among antagonistic groups that has progressed from a theory growing out of individual psychotherapy to a well-tried model used in a workshop of international leaders focused on a specific crisis situation. (Author/NB)

Reviews theories about multiculturalism, discussing them within context of student affairs services, environments, and programming. Multicultural theories presented are categorized into liberation, cultural identity development, student development, and organizational development models/theories. Those specifically summarized include Pedagogy of…