Hierarchical linear models distinguish between the individual and the group levels of data. Hence, they are often referred to as multilevel models. It is easiest to think of hierarchical linear models as special regression models that allow simultaneous investigation of the respective roles that individual and group characteristics play in the…

Presents an heuristic model of the personality characteristics of adolescents and the supportive dimensions of interactions, relationships, and groups. The results of several empirical studies are presented to illustrate the model. Together, these studies present a transactional picture of the personality of adolescents and their relationships in…

Modern politics become personalized as individual characteristics of voters and candidates assume greater importance in political discourse. Although personalities of candidates capture center stage and become the focus of voters' preferences, individual characteristics of voters, such as their traits and values, become decisive for political…

Examined marital cohesion as a component of marital adjustment. Seven variables related to adjustment were entered into a path model. Over 36 percent of the variance in cohesion was explained by the model. Four hypothesized direct effects were supported (i.e., for comparison level, self-disclosure anxiety, spousal hostility, and sex). (JAC)

Describes a method of determining major counseling strategies with the TFA/Matrix system. A taxonomy describes individual patterns of thinking, feeling, acting, and behavior. Descriptions are integrated into four counseling steps. The system synthesizes all counseling data and ranks and sequences major strategies likely to assist the client's…

Recently endorsed definitions of learning disabilities presume that the disability is due to central nervous system dysfunction. To identify those children who should receive a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, an effective approach to neuropsychological screening is needed. Provides a rationale and conceptual framework for development…

Economic factors serve to control the degree to which individual and work-related factors can explain variation in turnover. Individual and work-related variables will be more predictive of turnover under prosperous economic conditions than when the economy is strained. (Author)

Traces John R. P. French, Jr.'s contribution to the development of person-environment (PE) fit theory. The text examines recent extensions of PE fit theory, including the introduction of response surfaces to examine the homogeneity of effects of PE fit on indicators of mental health across all levels of person or of environment. (GLR)

Emphasizes that environments are a function of the people behaving in them. Reviews a new conceptualization of organizational functioning based on the attraction-selection-attrition framework. Describes the implications of this framework for various areas of study in industrial/organizational psychology and vocational behavior. (Author/KS)

Tests alternative theoretical models of environment-individual interaction. Findings point to the importance of person-environment fit in the areas of congregation, impulse control, and segregation in explaining morale. (Author)

This document contains the third annual interim report of the Illinois Elder Abuse Demonstration Program. It discusses the overall intent of the demonstration program, trends and changes in the third year of the demonstration program compared with the results from the first two years of the program, and achievements and recommendations for a…

Identifies the common elements from three popular adult development theories (Gould, Levinson et al., and Sheehy). Synthesizes these elements into a framework for describing development during the young adult years. Defines the concept of developmental transition. Discusses the implications of a composite adult development framework for helping…

Reviews the status of women who abuse drugs and proposes considerations for treatment design. General concerns stress the importance of a well formulated treatment philosophy, encourage treatment of women with varying drug related dependencies together, and advocates the utilization of female professional staff in most instances. (Author)

Homo sapiens is the only extant species for which there exists a significant post-reproductive period in the normal lifespan. Explanations for the evolution of this species-specific trait are possible through "non-deterministic" theories of aging positing "wear and tear" or the failure of nature to eliminate imperfection, or…

The notion that life stresses and personality have an interactive role in illness is part of the wisdom of the ages. Most past research has studied either life stresses or personality. A model for understanding health/illness status is presented that includes stressful life events and the resistance resources of personality, social supports,…