Although soil erosion is a natural process, it has increased to the point where it far exceeds the natural formation of new soil. However, with only occasional exceptions, national agricultural and population policies have failed to take soil depletion into account. Projections of world food production always incorporate estimates of future…

This article describes the policies adopted since the founding of the People's Republic of China concerning living conditions and welfare benefits for staff and workers. It details the principles underlying the provision of welfare services and includes a section on income and welfare benefits for peasants. (JDH)

The Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS), a government entity in the Philippines, is the focus of this paper. A historical overview of DECS, its structure, and the general goals for basic education for the year 2000 and beyond are offered. The issues that faced public education in the Philippines in 1997 are identified. Current…

This paper assessing the development of libraries in Chile focuses on the public library movement. An introductory section on the historical, economic, technological, and educational background of Chile is provided, as well as a discussion of the adverse effect of the military regime on the country's cultural life. The main part of the paper…

Highlights the tenth session of the United Nation's Governing Council. Indicates that a clearer course is needed for the United Nations Environment Programme and that additional funds are desirable. Includes an edited extract of Dr. Mustafa Tolba's (UNEP's Executive Director) closing address. (Author/JN)

This document consists of articles which have been selected to provide insight into different aspects of the relationship between the two most pressing and challenging issues of the current time. The first is the need to achieve a just level of economic development for two-thirds of the world's population that live in poverty. The second is the…

This eight-chapter book provides information on Official Development Assistance (ODA), its importance in relation to developed and developing countries, and its prospects and limitations. Major areas discussed include: (1) the institutional evolution of development aid; (2) forms of ODA, including project aid, program aid, bilateral aid,…

Highlights a meeting of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Includes various issues as presented in addresses by representatives of member nations. Issues focus on all aspects of the deteriorating state of the earth's environment and on what to do about it over the next 10 years. (Author/JN)

Traces the development of a social studies curriculum in Botswana through journal entries and commentary covering a five-month period. Identifies advantages and disadvantages of developing curriculum in this particular location. Suggests an agenda for future action. (KO)

Reviews facts and statistics regarding the use of emergency powers by the South African government. Details the effects of restrictions on constitutional rights and reveals that two-thirds of all killings which occurred during the state of emergency were done by security forces. (JDH)

Seven types of external frontiers of science are identified: federal government, educational establishment, private sector, national security and defense, world science and technology, the developing world, and the U.S. society. Problems for science and scientists related to these frontiers are discussed, considering changing national and…

International cooperation in education in Guatemala is examined with regard to objectives, allocation, and effects of technical and financial assistance. The document is presented in two major sections. Section I focuses on how educational planners respond to social needs and political influences. Topics discussed include difficulties of…

Because a growing proportion of the world's working population is in the informal sector (in work areas generally outside the sphere of state protection), planners of vocational training for adults must pay closer attention to those concepts of teaching and learning that have relevance for the informal sector, and they must develop strategies for…